Uloga liječnika u prevenciji ozljeda glave u kontaktnim sportovima

master's thesis

• Title (english): The physician's role in head trauma prevention in contact sports
• Author: Denis Senzen
• Mentor: Milan Milošević (mentor)
• Committee member: Robert Likić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jagoda Doko Jelinić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Milošević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Environmental and Occupational Health); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care; Occupational and Sports Medicine

Abstract

Kontaktni sport je sport u kojem postoji direktan fizički kontakt između sportaša, poput nogometa, rukometa i borilačkih sportova. U takvoj vrsti sporta ozljede su česte, a posebno treba biti oprezan s ozljedama glave. Primarna prevencija je učinkovita i ona je najviše u domeni sportskih organizacija, primjer takve prevencije su promjene pravila. Dobar primjer toga je izravan crveni karton u nogometu za udarac laktom u glavu. Međutim kada nastupi ozljeda liječnik mora pravovremeno intervenirati, procijeniti težinu ozljede (npr. Pomoću SCAT5) i odrediti može li taj sportaš nastaviti s aktivnostima ili mu je potrebno liječenje i rehabilitacija. Simptomi koji pobuđuju dodatnu razinu opreza su: novonastala intenzivna glavobolja, glavobolja koja egzacerbira i glavobolja koja mijenja obrazac boli, te posebno gubitak svijesti. Od češća povreda s povoljnim ishodom je potres mozga, ali ono što moramo prevenirati su daljnje komplikacije, poput malignog cerebralnog edema, koje bi nastale zbog neadekvatnog zbrinjavanja. Za potvrđivanje dijagnoze potrebno je učiniti radiološku obradu(CT ili MR). Rehabilitacija za potres mozga u prosjeku traje između 7-10 dana, ali ju treba individualno podrediti sportašu, i smatra se da je lagana do umjerena aktivnosti povoljnija od potpunog mirovanja. Dobar algoritam za rehabilitaciju je „return to play protocol“ koji se sastoji od 6 razina, a svaka traje 24 sata. Prevenciju je potrebno provoditi temeljito i strukturirano za sto bolje rezultate oporavka sportaša i povratka aktivnostima.

Abstract (english)

Contact Sport is a sport in which there is direct physical contact between athletes such as soccer, handball and martial arts. In such type of sports injuries are frequent, and caution should be exercised with head injuries. Primary prevention is effective and it is vastly in domain of sports organizations, an example of such prevention would be rule changes. A good example of this is a direct red card in football for elbow blow to the head. However, when injuries occur, the physician must intervene in a timely manner, assess the severity of the injury (eg by using SCAT5) and determine if the athlete may continue his activities or needs healing and rehabilitation. Symptoms that trigger an additional level of caution are: intensive headaches, exacerbated headaches and headaches that change the pain pattern, and especially loss of consciousness. More common injury with a favorable outcome is brain concussion, but what we have to prevent are further complications, such as malignant cerebral edema, which would arise due to inadequate care. To confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to perform radiological treatment (CT or MR). Rehabilitation for brain concussion lasts between 7-10 days on average, but it needs to be individually subordinated to an athlete, and it is considered that light to moderate activities are more favorable than total rest. A good algorithm for rehabilitation is the "return to play protocol" which consists of 6 levels, each lasting 24 hours. Prevention needs to be conducted thoroughly and structurally for the better results of athlete recovery and return activities.

• Keywords: kontaktni sport; prevencija; ozljede; potres mozga; rehabilitacija
• Keywords (english): contact sports; prevention; injury; concussion; rehabilitation
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:753199
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-02-25 09:30:04