| Abstract | Virusi uzročnici zoonoza pripadaju dvjema velikim skupinama: skupini arbovirusa koje prenose člankonošci (komarci, krpelji, nevidi) te skupini virusa koje prenose glodavci. U najčešće arboviruse dokazane na području Hrvatske spadaju virus krpeljnog encefalitisa (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), virusi papatači groznice napuljski (SFNV) i sicilijanski (SFSV) tip te Toscana virus (TOSV). Hantavirusi Puumala (PUUV) i Dobrava (DOBV) najrasprostranjeniji su virusi koje prenose glodavci.
Cilj rada je odrediti seroprevalenciju arbovirusa i virusa koje prenose glodavci u izloženih i neizloženih osoba na području kontinentalne Hrvatske.
Tijekom jednogodišnjeg razdoblja (siječanj-prosinac 2017. godine), na viruse uzročnike zoonoza testirano je ukupno 149 ispitanika u dobi od 19 do 88 godina iz kontinentalnih hrvatskih županija. U ispitivanoj je skupini bilo 116 (77,9%) muškaraca i 33 (22,1%) žene. Izloženu skupinu sačinjavali su šumski radnici (N=44), lovci (N=26) te poljoprivrednici koji su naveli česte kontakte s glodavcima (N=39), a neizloženu skupinu osobe iz opće populacije (N=40). Svi su ispitanici bili asimptomatski u vrijeme testiranja te nisu naveli anamnestički podatak o nedavnoj febrilnoj bolesti. IgG protutijela na TBEV, WNV i USUV određena su pomoću komercijalnih imunoenzimskih testova (ELISA; Euroimmun, Lübeck, Njemačka), a protutijela na SFSV, SFNV, TOSV, PUUV i DOBV pomoću komercijalnih indirektnih imunofluorescentnih testova (IFA; Euroimmun, Lübeck, Njemačka).
Protutijela na TBEV dokazana su u ukupno 24 (16,1%), WNV u 3 (2%), SFSV u 2 (1,3%), SFNV u 2 (1,3%), TOSV u 2 (1,3%), PUUV u 19 (12,8%) te DOBV u 4 (2,7%) ispitanika. Niti jedan ispitanik nije bio seropozitivan na USUV. Dokazana je statistički značajna razlika u seropozitivitetu na PUUV (p<0,001) između skupina (2,5% u općoj populaciji; 3,9% u lovaca; 13,6% u šumskih radnika te 28,2% u poljoprivrednika u čestom kontaktu s glodavcima). Seroprevalencija ostalih ispitivanih virusa se nije značajno razlikovala između skupina. |
| Abstract (english) | Zoonotic viruses can be divided into two large groups: arboviruses, which are transmitted by arthropods (mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies) and rodent-borne viruses, which are transmitted by rodents. The most common arboviruses detected in Croatia are tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), sandfly fever Naples and Sicilian viruses (SFNV and SFSV) and Toscana virus (TOSV). The most widespread rodent-borne viruses are hantaviruses Puumala (PUUV) and Dobrava (DOBV).
The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of arboviruses and rodent-borne viruses in exposed and non-exposed groups in continental Croatian regions.
During a one-year period (January-December 2017), a total of 149 participants aged between 19 and 88 years from continental Croatian counties were tested for viral zoonoses. In the tested group, there were 116 (77.9%) males and 33 (22.1%) females. Exposed group consisted of forest workers (N=44), hunters (N=26) and farmers in frequent contact with rodents (N=39), while non-exposed group consisted of participants from the general population (N=40). All participants were asymptomatic at the time of testing and did not have a history of recent febrile illness. IgG antibodies against TBEV, WNV and USUV were detected using commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA; Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany) while antibodies against SFSV, SFNV, TOSV, PUUV and DOBV were detected by commercially available indirect immunofluorescent assays (IFA; Euroimmun, Lübeck, Germany).
Antibodies against TBEV were detected in 24 (16.1%), WNV in 3 (2.0%), SFSV in 2 (1.3%), SFNV in 2 (1.3%), TOSV in 2 (1.3%), PUUV in 19 (12.8%) and DOBV in 4 (2.7%) participants. No participants were seropositive against USUV. Statistically significant difference in PUUV seropositivity (p<0.001) was found between groups (2.5% in the general population; 3.9% in hunters; 13.6% in forest workers and 28.2% in farmers in frequent contact with rodents). Seroprevalence of other tested viral zoonoses did not differ significantly between the tested groups. |
