Okolnosti nastanka nesreća u djece liječene u zavodu za intenzivnu pedijatriju KBC-a Split

master's thesis

• Title (english): Circumstances of accidents of children treated in the pediatric intesive care unit of the CHC Split
• Author: Ivanka Ercegović
• Mentor: Aida Mujkić (mentor)
• Committee member: Urelija Rodin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Milošević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aida Mujkić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences

Abstract

Uvod: Nesreće u djece su vodeći uzrok smrti nakon prve godine života i
predstavljaju veliki javnozdravstveni problem kako u svijetu tako i u Republici
Hrvatskoj. Najčešći uzroci nesreća su prometne nesreće, utapanje, padovi, otrovanja,
gušenje i opekline. Nesreće se razlikuju ovisno o dobi djeteta.
Cilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je prikazati okolnosti i učestalost
nastanka nesreća u djece koja su liječena u Zavodu za intenzivnu pedijatriju s
postintenzivnom skrbi te postoje li razlike ovisne o demografskim obilježjima (dobi i
spolu djeteta).
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno kao retrospektivna presječna
studija od 01. siječnja 2009. do 31. prosinca 2018. u Klinici za dječje bolesti KBC-a
Split. Podatci su prikupljeni pretraživanjem pisanog protokola i povijesti bolesti djece
od 0 do 18 godina liječene zbog ozljeda u Zavodu za intenzivnu pedijatriju s
postintenzivnom skrbi .
Rezultati: U istraživanje je uključeno 352 djece liječene zbog nesreća. Najveći
broj liječene djece nastradao je u prometnim nesrećama (39%), kao putnici u vozilu
(38%). Ozljeđivanje je učestalije u dječaka (69%) nego u djevojčica (31%). Djeca
koja pripadaju dobnoj skupini od 0 do 6 godina najčešće su bila ozlijeđena nakon
pada.. Djeca u dobnim skupinama od 7 do 12 i od 13 do 18 godina najčešće su
stradala u prometnim nesrećama. Najveći udio ozlijeđenih činila su djeca od 13 do 18
godina (40%). Stopa smrtnosti bila je 3,7%.
Zaključak: Ozljede su važan uzrok dječjeg morbiditeta i mortaliteta. Najčešće
su posljedica pada u manje djece i prometnih nesreća u adolescentnoj dobi. Dječaci
su skloniji ozljedama od djevojčica. Sprječavanje nesreća u djece jedan je od
prioritetnih zadataka u unaprjeđenju i zaštiti zdravlja djece. Nesreće i posljedice
nesreća predstavljaju veliki teret suvremenom društvu, stoga je dobra i kvalitetna
edukacija djece i roditelja od iznimne važnosti u sprječavanju nesreća. Prevencija
uključuje zdravstveno prosvjećivanje šire javnosti, u prvom redu roditelja, kao i svih
ostalih koji se u svom radu bave djecom. Edukaciju na razini primarne zdravstvene
zaštite trebaju provoditi liječnici svih specijalnosti kao i patronažne medicinske sestre
te započeti sa što ranijim podučavanjem trudnica i obitelji o mogućim opasnim i štetnim okolišnim utjecajima na dijete. Edukaciju djece treba provoditi pomoću
materijala prilagođenih dobi djeteta. Sekundarna i tercijarna razina zdravstvene
zaštite također trebaju biti uključene u prevenciju jer zbrinjavaju teške i najteže
pacijente te slijedom toga imaju podatke o uzrocima ozljeda i ishodima liječenja što
njihovim preventivnim preporukama daje posebnu važnost.

Abstract (english)

Introduction: Accidents in children are the leading cause of death after the first year
of life and represent a major public health problem both in the world and in the
Republic of Croatia. The most common causes of accidents are traffic accidents,
drowning, falls, poisoning, suffocation and, burns. Accidents vary depending on the
age of the child.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to show the circumstances and
frequency of accidents in children treated in the Department of Intensive Care
Pediatrics with postintensive care and how these indicators vary depending on
demographic characteristics (age and sex of the child).
Subjects and methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective cross-sectional
study from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018 at the Clinic for Pediatrics,
University Hospital Center Split. Data were collected by searching the written
protocol and medical history of children aged 0 to 18 treated for injuries at the
Department of Intensive Care Pediatrics with postintensive care.
Results: The study included 352 children treated for accidents. The largest number
of treated children were injured in traffic accidents (39%), as passengers in a vehicle
(38%). Injuries are more common in boys (69%) than in girls (31%). 21% of the
patients were tourists. (79%). Children belonging to the age group of 0 to 6 years
were most often injured after a fall. The largest share of injured were children aged
13 to 18 (40%). Children in the age groups of 7 to 12 and 13 to 18 were most often
injured in traffic accidents. The mortality rate was 3.7%.
Conclusion: Injuries are an important cause of infant morbidity and mortality. They
are most often the result of falls, in smaller children, and traffic accidents, in
adolescence. Boys are more prone to injury than girls. Accident prevention in
children is one of the priority tasks in improving and protecting children's health.
Accidents and the consequences of accidents represent a great burden to modern
society, so good and quality education of children and parents is extremely important
in preventing accidents. Prevention includes health education of the general public, primarily parents, as well as all others who deal with children in their work. Education
at the level of primary health care should be conducted by doctors of all specialties
as well as community nurses, and begin with the earliest possible teaching of
pregnant women and families about possible dangerous and harmful environmental
impacts on the child. As a child grows, he or she should be involved in education.
Secondary and tertiary levels of health care should also be included in prevention
because they care for difficult and the most difficult patients and consequently have
data on such patients, which gives their preventive recommendations of special
importance.

• Keywords: nesreće; djeca; intenzivna njega; prometne nesreće; prevencija
• Keywords (english): accidents; children; intensive care; traffic injuries; prevention
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:934546
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-05-17 10:43:37