Utjecaj hiperventilacije na koncentraciju alkohola u izdahnutom zraku

master's thesis

• Title (english): The impact of hyperventilation on the concentration of alcohol in exhaled air
• Author: Lea Ledinsky
• Mentor: Krešimir Bulić (mentor)
• Committee member: Anko Antabak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krešimir Bulić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Forensic Medicine

Abstract

Alkotest kao metoda procjene koncentracije alkohola u krvi (BAC) je u upotrebi od 1954. godine kada je Borekenstein dokazao povezanost povećane koncentracije alkohola u krvi i prometnih nesreća. Prema dosad provedenim istraživanjima dokazano je da određeni fiziološki parametri kao što su tjelesna temperatura, faza metabolizma alkohola, tehnika disanja i drugi mogu kratkotrajno promijeniti koncentraciju alkohola u izdahnutom zraku, što rezultira pogrešnom procjenom BACa. Takve promjene mogu utjecati na sudskomedicinsku klasifikaciju alkoholiziranog stanja ako se ona procjenjuje alkotestom, a ne koncentracijom alkoholom u krvi.
Ovo istraživanje ispitalo je povezanost hiperventilacije i koncentracije alkohola u izdahnutom zraku (BrAC) koji se mjeri alkotestom.
Mjerenje je koncipirano kao serija slučajeva te je provedeno na 25 zdravih studenata kojima je mjeren inicijalni BrAC te BrAC nakon hiperventilacije u trajanju od 15 i 30 sekundi. Također je promatran i utjecaj pušenja i BMIa na konačan rezultat te su rezultati uspoređivani među spolovima. Točnost kalibracije alkotesta provjerena je uzimanjem uzorka venske krvi i određivanjem BACa.
BrAC se nakon hiperventilacije statistički značajno snizio, pri čemu su hiperventilacije u trajanju od 15 i 30 sekundi uzrokovale približno jednako smanjenje. Ovim istraživanjem potvrđeno je da se alkotest kao metoda određivanja alkohola u krvi može koristiti jedino kao orijentacijska metoda, ali ne i u svrhu konačne sudskomedicinske klasifikacije stanja intoksikacije alkoholom.

Abstract (english)

Breathalyzer as a method of estimating blood alcohol concentration (BAC) has been in use since 1954 when Borekenstein proved the link between increased blood alcohol concentration and traffic accidents. According to studies conducted so far, it has been proven that certain physiological parameters such as body temperature, phase of alcohol metabolism, breathing technique and others can change the concentration of alcohol in exhaled air resulting in a misjudgment of BAC. Such changes may affect the forensic classification of the intoxicated condition if it is evaluated by the breath alcohol concentration and not by the blood alcohol concentration. This study examined the association between hyperventilation and breath alcohol concentration (BrAC). The study was designed as a series of case studies and was performed on 25 healthy students whos initial BrAC and BrAC after hyperventilation for 15 and 30 sec were measured. The effect of smoking and BMI on the final result was also observed and the results were compared between male and female. The calibration accuracy of the breathalyzer test was verified by sampling venous blood and determining BAC. BrAC was statistically significantly decreased after performed hyperventilation. In this case, hyperventilation for 15 and 30 seconds caused approximately the same decrease. This study confirmed that the alcohol test as a method of determining alcohol concentration in the blood can only be used as an orientation method and not for the purpose of a definitive forensic classification of alcohol intoxication status.

• Keywords: hiperventilacija; koncentracija alkohola u krvi; koncentracija alkohola u izdahnutom zraku; alkotest
• Keywords (english): hyperventilation; blood alcohol concentration (BAC); breath alcohol concentration (BrAC); breathalyzer
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:921355
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-08-31 11:28:33