Nehormonsko liječenje menopauzalnih tegoba

master's thesis

• Title (english): Nonhormonal treatment of menopausal symptoms
• Author: Tihana Copak
• Mentor: Marina Šprem Goldštajn (mentor)
• Committee member: Lana Škrgatić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dinka Pavičić Baldani (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Šprem Goldštajn (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-07-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Gynecology and Obstetrics

Abstract

Perimenopauza je prijelazno razdoblje koje je obilježeno promjenom hormonskog statusa, padom razine estrogena i posljedičnim nizom simptoma i znakova kao što su vazomotorne i genitourinarne simptome, promjene raspoloženja, poremećaj spavanja, smanjenje gustoće kostiju, promjene kognitivnih funkcija i povećan rizik za razvoj kardiovaskularnih bolesti. Sve navedeno, u konačnici, značajno smanjuje kvalitetu života žena, u tom hormonski nepovoljnom razdoblju. Prosječna dob ulaska u menopauzu je 51 godina, ali može varirati. Menopauzalni status se određuje na temelju simptoma, i ako je potrebno, određivanjem razine hormona (FSH, LH, estradiol). Vazomotorni simptomi su primarni simptomi menopauze i zbog njih većina žena traži liječničku pomoć. Hormonska terapija je prva linija liječenja menopauzalnih tegoba i mora biti individualiziran. Međutim, zbog zdravstvenih rizika, kontraindikacija i potencijalnih štetnih učinaka povezanih s hormonskim nadomjesnim liječenjem, mnoge žene posežu za nehormonskim preparatima. Učinkovitima su se pokazali selektivni inhibitori ponovne pohrane serotonina, selektivni inhibitori ponovne pohrane serotonina i noradrenalina, gabapentin i klonidin. Za nefarmakološke metode postoje ograničenja trenutnih dokaza o njihovoj učinkovitosti, a uključuju kognitivno bihevioralnu terapiju, hipnozu, promjenu životnog stila, razne dodatke prehrani kao i raznovrsne metode komplementarne i alternativne medicine.

Abstract (english)

Perimenopause is a transitional period marked by a change in hormonal status, a decrease in the level of estrogen and a consequent series of symptoms and signs such as vasomotor and genitourinary symptoms, mood swings, sleep disorder, decreased bone density, changes in cognitive function and an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. All of this, in the end, significantly decreases the quality of women´s life during these unfavorable hormonal alterations. The average age of the onset of menopause is 51, but that can vary. Menopausal status is determined on the basis of symptoms and, if necessary, by determining the level of hormones (FSH, LH, estradiol). Vasomotor symptoms are the main menopausal symptoms and the reason why the majority of women ask for medical help. Hormone therapy is the primary method for treating menopausal symptoms but it has to be individualized. However, due to the health risks, contraindications and potential harmful effects associated with hormone replacement therapy, many women reach for non-hormonal methods. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors as well as gabapentin and clonidine have been proven to be very effective. Regarding non pharmacological methods, there are lacking proofs of their effectiveness at the moment. They include cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnosis, lifestyle changes, different diet supplements, as well as a variety of complementary and alternative medicine methods.

• Keywords: menopauza; estrogen; nehormonsko liječenje; vrući valovi
• Keywords (english): menopause; estrogen; nonhormonal treatment; hot flashes
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:140654
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-09-10 08:15:42