COVID-19 and infective complications in renal transplant recipients

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): COVID-19 i infektivne komplikacije nakon transplantacije bubrega
• Author: Cedric Arol Takou Kuitcheu
• Mentor: Nikolina Bašić Jukić (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikolina Bašić Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Kaštelan (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Infections after kidney transplantation remain the second cause of complications after cardiovascular events with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many have theorized its role in the possible bad outcomes in renal replacement therapy and transplantation, but many studies are still needed and ongoing to confirm the role and the comorbidity linked to Coronavirus disease-19 in kidney transplant recipients. Despite prophylactic use of Antibiotics, urinary tract infections with pathogens such as E. coli remain the main cause of infection after kidney transplantation. Other pathogens such as CMV virus or EBV are also common due to increase immune suppression. Opportunistic infection and fungal infection are also noted in renal transplant recipients with epidemiological predisposition and comorbidities. The COVID-19 infection has the worst outcome in the immunocompromised kidney transplant population and the current pandemic due to this infection greatly influences the management of chronic kidney failure. Through this review, we present the most common infections in KTR, their timeline of presentation, the management according to recent guidelines, and the impact of COVID-19 in renal transplantation.

Abstract (croatian)

Infekcije nakon transplantacije bubrega drugi su uzrok komplikacija nakon kardiovaskularnih događaja s visokom stopom morbiditeta i smrtnosti. Od početka pandemije COVIDA-19, mnogi su teoretizirali njihovu ulogu u mogućem lošem ishodu nadomjesne bubrežne terapije, ali još uvijek su potrebna i traju mnoga istraživanja kako bi se potvrdila uloga i komorbiditet povezan s bolesti Korona virusom 19 u primatelju transplantata bubrega. Unatoč profilaktičkoj upotrebi antibiotika infekcija mokraćnog sustava s patogenima kao što je E. coli ostaje glavni uzrok infekcije nakon transplantacije bubrega. Ostali patogeni poput CMV virusa ili EBV virusa također su česti zbog povećane imunološke supresije. Oportunistička infekcija i gljivična infekcija također su zabilježene kod primatelja s epidemiološkom predispozicijom i komorbiditetom. Infekcija COVID-19 ima najgori ishod u populaciji s imunološki oslabljenim transplantiranim bubregom, a pandemija zbog ove infekcije uvelike utječe na liječenje kroničnog zatajenja bubrega. Ovim osvrtom, predstavljamo najčešći infekcije u KTR-u, njihov vremenski okvir prezentiranja, upravljanje prema nedavnim smjernicama i utjecaj COVIDA-19 na transplantaciju bubrega.

• Keywords: COVID-19; kidney transplantation; infection in kidney transplantation; impact of COVID-19 on renal transplantation
• Keywords (croatian): COVID-19; transplantacija bubrega; infekcija u transplantaciji bubrega; utjecaj COVID-19 na transplantaciju bubrega
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:727201
• Study programme: Title: Medicine (in English language); Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-12-22 10:37:03