Novosti u imunoterapiji liječenja metastatskog melanoma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Novelties in immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma
• Author: Petar Jazbec
• Mentor: Jasmina Marić Brozić (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikola Đaković (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidija Beketić-Orešković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasmina Marić Brozić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Clinical Oncology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Oncology

Abstract

Melanom je zloćudna novotvorina koja nastaje malignom pretvorbom melanocita. Zbog izrazite sklonosti ranom limfogenom i hematogenom metastaziranju ubraja se među najagresivnije tumore kože i sluznica. Najveći kumulativni rizik za oboljenje bilježe populacije Australije i Novog Zelanda, Sjeverne Amerike i Europe. Najznačajniji okolišni čimbenik za nastanak melanoma je sunčevo UV zračenje. Brojne mutacije u genima za kontrolu staničnog ciklusa i poremećena funkcija staničnih kontrolnih točaka imunološkog odgovora su prepoznati kao ključni čimbenici nastanka metastatskog melanoma. Pojavili su se novi oblici terapija, poput ciljane terapije i imunoterapije. Cilj imunoterapije tumora je osnažiti ili obnoviti sposobnost imunološkog sustava da prepozna i uništi tumorske stanice tako što će spriječiti mehanizme kojima tumor ostvaruje izbjegavanje i inhibiciju imunološkog odgovora. Melanom je izrazito imunogeni tumor, stoga je imunoterapija jedna od najučinkovitijih strategija u liječenju ove bolesti. Ovaj rad će prezentirati dosadašnje dosege i buduće smjerove u istraživanju imunoterapije liječenja metastatskog melanoma.

Abstract (english)

Melanoma is a malignant neoplasm caused by malignant conversion of melanocytes. Due to its pronounced tendency to early lymphogenic and hematogenous metastasizing, it is one of the most aggressive tumors of the skin and mucous membranes. The highest cumulative risk for the disease is recorded in the populations of Australia, New Zealand, North America, and Europe. The most significant environmental factor for the formation of melanoma is the sun's UV radiation. Numerous mutations in cell cycle control genes and impaired function of cellular immune response checkpoints have been identified as key factors in the development of metastatic melanoma. New forms of therapies have emerged, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The goal of the tumor immunotherapy is to strengthen or restore the ability of the immune system to recognize and destroy tumor cells by preventing the mechanisms by which the tumor avoids and inhibits the immune response. Melanoma is a highly immunogenic tumor, so immunotherapy is one of the most effective strategies in treating this disease. This paper will present past achievements and future directions in immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma research.

• Keywords: imunoterapija; metastatski melanom
• Keywords (english): immunotherapy; metastatic melanoma
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:442584
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-02-09 12:33:00