Prevencija infekcija uzrokovanih primjenom centralnog venskog katetera u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja novorođenčadi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Prevention of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection in the neonatal intensive care unit
• Author: Kristina Čokor
• Mentor: Zrinka Bošnjak (mentor)
• Committee member: Ana Budimir (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Tešović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Bošnjak (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Medical Microbiology

Abstract

Infekcije povezane sa zdravstvenom skrbi (HAI) problem su za mnoge
pacijente, a pogotovo za novorođenčad koja su primljena u jedinice intenzivne skrbi.
MeĎu tipove HAI ubrajaju se i one povezane s primjenom intravaskularnih katetera.
Čimbenici rizika za nastanak ovih infekcija su nezreo imunološki i gastrointestinalni
sustav, dijagnostički i terapijski postupci, te oslabljena funkcija koţne barijere. CRBSI (catheter-related bloodstream infection) označava infekciju povezanu s
kateterom, a koja se dokazuje laboratorijskim testiranjem. Prevencija infekcija ovog
tipa temelji se na razumijevanju mehanizama nastanka infekcije, razvoja bakterijskog
biofilma, mogućnostima širenja mikroorganizama uporabom centralnog venskog
katetera te u metodama prevencije. Posebno najvaţniji čimbenik u sprječavanju
prijenosa mikroorganizama je higijena ruku te primjena aseptičnih tehnika tijekom
uvođenja katetera i prilikom manipulacije istim kako bi se smanjila mogućnost
prijenosa mikroorganizama. „Pet trenutaka za higijenu ruku“ označava ključne
trenutke u provođenju dezinfekcije ruku. Korištenje koţnih antiseptika jedan je od
vaţnijih koraka u prevenciji nastajanja infekcije, međutim, podaci o sigurnosti
antiseptika na koţi novorođenčeta su oskudni stoga je potrebno upotrebljavati ih s
oprezom. U cilju prevencije infekcija uzrokovanih putem centralnih katetera razvijene
su smjernice u obliku snopova skrbi, koje sustavnom primjenom doprinose
smanjenju pojave infekcija.

Abstract (english)

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are a problem for many patients, and
especially for newborns admitted to intensive care units. Types of HAI include those
associated with the use of intravascular catheters. Risk factors for these infections
include an immature immune and gastrointestinal system, diagnostic and therapeutic
procedures, and impaired skin barrier function. CR-BSI (catheter-related bloodstream
infection) means catheter-related infection that is proven by laboratory testing.
Prevention of infections of this type is based on understanding the mechanisms of
infection, the development of bacterial biofilm, the possibility of spreading
microorganisms using a central venous catheter and prevention methods. The most
important factor in preventing the transmission of microorganisms is hand hygiene
and the application of aseptic techniques during the insertion of catheters and during
their manipulation in order to reduce the possibility of transmission of
microorganisms. "Five moments for hand hygiene" means key moments in
implementation of hand disinfection methods. The use of skin antiseptics is one of
the most important step in preventing the occurrence of infection, however, data on
the safety of antiseptics on the skin of the newborn are scarce so it is necessary to
use them with caution. In order to prevent infections caused by central catheters,
guidelines have been developed in the form of care bundles, which, through
systematic application, contribute to reducing the occurrence of infections.

• Keywords: PICC; UVK; antiseptik; novorođenče
• Keywords (english): PICC; UVC; Antiseptics; Newborn
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:405815
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-07-08 11:10:13