Treatment of diabetic retinopathy

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Liječenje dijabetičke retinopatije
• Author: Pierre Paul Francis Marie Haccart
• Mentor: Nenad Vukojević (mentor)
• Committee member: Nenad Vukojević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miro Kalauz (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Jukić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-10-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the most common complication of diabetes and is the leading cause of vision-loss in working-age adults in industrialized countries. As the prevalence of diabetes in population worldwide is increasing, the prevalence of DR is also increasing. Reasons leading to the increase prevalence of DR also include the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy in diabetic patient, duration of disease being one of the main risk factors for the development of DR. Other main risk factors include poor glycaemic control and high blood pressure, those risk factors being modifiable. Systemic treatment acting on those risk factors have proven beneficial in the treatment of DR.
Concerning local treatment of DR, it involves different kinds of approaches that are chosen according to cost, compliance of the patient, and staging of the disease. The main treatment options are pharmacological, laser treatment and surgery. Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF), an anti-angiogenic drug, greatly improved treatment of DR, but despite the improve outcome of therapy with such new drugs, laser treatment, which is destructive, can still be needed as an adjuvant or in case of failure of anti-VEGF treatment. Further improvement of treatment is ongoing with newer laser treatment technology and studies on novel drugs such as novel anti-angiogenic drugs and drugs targeting the neurodegenerative process involved in DR. Vitrectomy, as a surgical option treatment, also has a role, especially in treatment of late complications of DR.

Abstract (croatian)

Dijabetička retinopatija (DR) je najčešća komplikacija dijabetesa i vodeći je uzrok gubitka vida u radno sposobnih odraslih osoba u industrijaliziranim zemljama. Kako prevalencija dijabetesa u populaciji diljem svijeta raste, tako se povećava i prevalencija DR-a. Razlozi koji dovode do povećanja prevalencije DR također uključuju starenje stanovništva i produljenje očekivanog životnog vijeka dijabetičara, pri čemu je trajanje bolesti jedan od glavnih čimbenika rizika za razvoj DR. Drugi glavni čimbenici rizika uključuju lošu kontrolu glikemije i visoki krvni tlak, a ti se čimbenici rizika mogu mijenjati. Sustavno liječenje koje djeluje na te čimbenike rizika pokazalo se korisnim u liječenju DR.
Što se tiče lokalnog liječenja DR, ono uključuje različite vrste pristupa koji se biraju prema cijeni, suradljivosti pacijenta i stadiju bolesti. Glavne mogućnosti liječenja su farmakološki, laserski i kirurški. Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF), lijek protiv angiogeneze, uvelike je poboljšao liječenje DR, no unatoč poboljšanom ishodu terapije takvim novim lijekovima, lasersko liječenje, koje je destruktivno, još uvijek može biti potrebno kao adjuvans ili u slučaju neuspjeha anti-VEGF liječenja. Daljnje poboljšanje liječenja je u tijeku s novijom tehnologijom laserskog liječenja i studijama o novim lijekovima kao što su novi lijekovi protiv angiogeneze i lijekovi koji ciljaju neurodegenerativne procese uključene u DR.
Vitrektomija, kao kirurška opcija liječenja, također ima ulogu, posebice u liječenju
kasnih komplikacija DR.

• Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy; anti-VEGF treatment; laser treatment; vitrectomy
• Keywords (croatian): dijabetička retinopatija; anti-VEGF liječenje; lasersko liječenje; vitrektomija
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:533100
• Study programme: Title: Medicine (in English language); Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-12-19 10:10:05