Ulkusna bolest

master's thesis

• Title (english): Peptic ulcer disease
• Author: Jelena Crnjac
• Mentor: Davor Hrabar (mentor)
• Committee member: Alen Bišćanin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jasenka Markeljević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Davor Hrabar (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Ovaj pregledni diplomski rad obrađuje temu ulkusne bolesti. Ulkusna bolest jedna je od najčešćih bolesti gastrointestinalnog (GI) sustava te predstavlja značajan zdravstveni problem posebice u starijih osoba s brojnim komorbiditetima. Patogenetski mehanizam nastanka ulkusne bolesti uključuje slabljenje obrambenih mehanizama koji štite sluznicu od djelovanja želučane kiseline i ostalih agresivnih vanjskih čimbenika. Neravnoteža između zaštitnih i agresivnih čimbenika dovodi do nastanka defekta sluznice koji prodire u mišićni sloj. Bolest se najčešće očituje simptomima dispepsije u vidu bolova u epigastriju, pojave rane sitosti, postprandijalne nadutosti, mučnine i povraćanja. U pojedinim slučajevima prvi znak bolesti može biti krvarenje iz probavnog sustava koje se može manifestirati simptomima anemije, pojavom crne stolice ili povraćanjem krvavog želučanog sadržaja. Najčešći uzroci ulkusne bolesti su infekcija bakterijom Helicobacter pylori te kronična uporaba nesteroidnih antireumatika (NSAR). Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju kliničke slike i neinvazivnih testova za dokazivanje infekcije H.pylori te nalaza ezofagogastroduodenoskopije (EGDS). Liječenje ulkusne bolesti temelji se na primjeni antisekretornih lijekova te provodenju eradikacijske terapije u slučaju dokazane infekcije. U pojedinim slučajevima bolest se komplicira krvarenjem ili perforacijom što značajno povećava smrtnost u ovoj skupini bolesnika.

Abstract (english)

This graduate thesis deals with the topic of peptic ulcer disease. Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most common diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and it represents significant health issue especially among older people with many comorbidities. The attenuation of defense mechanisms, which have the role in defending the gastric mucosa from gastric acid and other aggressive factors, are involved in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease. The imbalance between protective and aggressive factors causes mucosal defect, which penetrate into muscle layer. The most common manifestation of the disease include symptoms of dyspepsia such as epigastric pain, early satiety, postprandial bloating, nausea and vomiting. ln some cases, the first sign of the disease could be GI bleeding which can be manifested by signs of anemia, black stool or hematemesis. The most common causes of the disease are Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic use of the non¬steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). The diagnosis is based on clinical features, non-invasive tests for detection of the H.pylori infection and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Treatment includes antisecretory therapy and eradication therapy if tests for H.pylori are positive. In some cases, the disease can be complicated with bleeding and perforation which significantly increases the risk of death in this group of patients.

• Keywords: ulkusna bolest; Helicobacter pylori; nesteroidni antireumatici
• Keywords (english): peptic ulcer disease; Helicobacter pylori; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:165531
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-01-04 11:22:20