Mogućnosti operativnog liječenja hondrosarkoma

master's thesis

• Title (english): Operative treatment options for chondrosarcoma
• Author: Jakov Šarić
• Mentor: Ivan Bohaček (mentor)
• Committee member: Domagoj Delimar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Đapić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Bohaček (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Anatomy and Clinical Anatomy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Basic Medical Sciences; Anatomy

Abstract

Hondrosarkom je drugi najčešći zloćudni tumor kostiju nakon osteosarkoma. Predstavlja otprilike 27% svih koštanih tumora i uglavnom se javlja u ljudi koji su stariji od 30 godina. Hondrosarkomi se mogu podijeliti na primarne i sekundarne tumore. Primarni hondrosarkomi nastaju „de novo“ dok sekundarni nastaju iz već postojećih benignih hrskavičnih lezija. Prema histološkoj klasifikaciji hondrosarkom se dijeli na konvencionalni hondrosarkom koji predstavlja 85% svih hondrosarkoma, zatim na dediferencirani, mezenhimalni, periostealni hondrosarkom i hondrosarkom svijetlih stanica. U podlozi hondrosarkoma često se mogu pronaći mutacije u IDH1 i IDH2 genima, a nešto rjeđe u TP53 i CDK4 genu. Bol je najčešći simptom te je obično progresivna i može se pogoršavati noću. Od ostalih simptoma najčešće se mogu vidjeti otekline i patološke frakture. Dijagnoza se uglavnom postavlja na temelju primarnog radiološkog oslikavanja gdje se najviše koriste RTG, CT i MR, a ponekad scintigrafija i PET. Liječenje hondrosarkoma ovisi o nekoliko čimbenika kao što su tip, gradus i lokalizacija. Kirurško liječenje i dalje ostaje najbolji način liječenja hondrosarkoma, dok su radioterapija i kemoterapija neučinkoviti u liječenju ove vrste tumora. Kirurške opcije uključuju kiretažu, široku resekciju i amputaciju.

Abstract (english)

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common malignant bone tumor after osteosarcoma. It accounts for approximately 27% of all bone tumors and mainly occurs in people over 30 years of age. Chondrosarcomas can be divided into primary and secondary tumors. Primary chondrosarcomas arise „de novo“ while secondary ones arise from pre-existing benign cartilage lesions. According to histological classification, chondrosarcomas are divided into conventional chondrosarcomas, which account for 85% of all chondrosarcomas, then dedifferentiated, mesenchymal, periosteal chondrosarcomas and clear cell chondrosarcomas. Mutations in IDH1 and IDH2 genes can often be found in the basis of chondrosarcoma, and less frequently in the TP53 and CDK4 genes. Pain is the most common symptom and is usually progressive and may worsen at night. Other symptoms include swelling and pathological fractures. Diagnosis is mainly made on the basis of primary radiological imaging where X-rays, CT and MRI are mostly used. Sometimes scintigraphy and PET can be also used because of their usefulness. The treatment of chondrosarcoma depends on several factors such as type, grade, and location. Surgical treatment remains the best way to treat chondrosarcoma while radiotherapy and chemotherapy are ineffective in treating this tumor. Surgical options include curettage, extensive resection, and amputation.

• Keywords: hondrosarkom; konvencionalni hondrosarkom; mutacija IDH1 i IDH2 gena; bol; RTG; kirurško liječenje
• Keywords (english): chondrosarcoma; conventional chondrosarcoma; mutations in IDH1 and IDH 2 genes; pain; RTG; surgical treatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:916041
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-02-28 10:00:29