Kirurška korekcija refrakcijskih grešaka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Surgical correction of refractive errors
• Author: Niko Tomljanović
• Mentor: Miro Kalauz (mentor)
• Committee member: Nenad Vukojević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Dolanski Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miro Kalauz (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Ophthalmology

Abstract

Refrakcijske greške oka predstavljaju greške u mogućnosti fokusiranja oka na objekte koje gledamo, koje rezultiraju smanjenom vidnom oštrinom. Refrakcijske greške dijele se na kratkovidnost (myopia), dalekovidnost (hyperopia), astigmatizam (astigmatismus) i staračka dalekovidnost (presbyopia). Iako naočale i kontaktne leće imaju svoje prednosti, razvojem modernih tehnologija i novih procedura sve se više pacijenata odlučuje za njihovu zamjenu kirurškim metodama korekcije refrakcijskih grešaka. U svojim počecima kao metode refrakcijske kirurgije smatrale su se gotovo isključivo modifikacije rožnice oka, ali napredna tehnologija s malim rezovima i novi softveri u kombinaciji s modernim lećama su u pojam refrakcijske kirurgije uveli i intraokularnu kirurgiju. Broj različitih kirurških refrakcijskih procedura koje su na raspolaganju pacijentima značajno se povećao od početaka i radijalne keratotomije pa do suvremenih metoda excimer laserom koji su jedne od najbrže rastućih grana oftalmologije.Iako keratorefraktivna kirurgija ima svoje prednosti, postoje i određena ograničenja, pogotovo kod visokih refrakcijskih grešaka u kojima intraokularne procedure mogu imati više prednosti. Dvije glavne intraokularne metode su fakične intraokularne leće (pIOL) u kojoj uz prirodnu leću ugrađujemo i umjetnu te clear lens extraction kod koje je potrebno izvaditi prirodnu leću. Razvojem velikog broja različitih metoda, svaki pacijent se mora pažljivo obraditi te uz sve njegove indikacije i kontraindikacije pronaći najučinkovitiju metodu korekcije.

Abstract (english)

Refractive errors represent errors in the ability to focus the eye on the objects we are looking at, resulting in a blurred image. The four main types of refractive errors are: nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), astigmatism, and the loss of near vision with age (presbyopia). Although eyeglasses and contact lenses have their advantages, with modern technologies and the development of new procedures, the goal is to decrease dependence on them. In its beginnings, refractive surgery methods were considered almost exclusively corneal modifications, but advanced technology with small incisions and new software combined with modern lenses introduced intraocular surgery into the concept of a refractive surgery. The number of different surgical refractive procedures available today has increased significantly - from early techniques and radial keratotomy to modern excimer laser methods, which are one of the fastest developing branches of ophthalmology. Although keratorefractive surgery has its advantages, there are some limitations – especially with high refractive errors where intraocular procedures offer many advantages. Two main intraocular methods are phakic intraocular lens implantation (pIOL) in which, with the natural lens, a surgeon also installs an artificial lens, and the second method is a clear lens extraction in which the natural lens is removed first. By developing a large number of different methods, each patient is thoroughly examined and after finding all of its indications and contraindications, the doctor determines the exact refractive surgical procedures to perform.

• Keywords: refrakcijske greške; keratorefraktivna kirurgija; intraokularna kirurgija
• Keywords (english): efractive errors; keratorefractive surgery; intraocular refractive procedures
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:157803
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-20 09:17:52