Astma kao čimbenik rizika za osteoporozu

master's thesis

• Title (english): Asthma as an osteoporosis risk factor
• Author: Linda Vobner
• Mentor: Marija Gomerčić Palčić (mentor)
• Committee member: Sanja Popović-Grle (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Jakopović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Gomerčić Palčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Astma je kronična upalna bolest dišnog sustava djece i odraslih, s prevalencijom koja se kreće između 1-18% diljem svijeta. Procjenjuje se da od astme boluje preko 330 milijuna ljudi, dok je osteoporoza, kao najčešća metabolička bolest kosti, u stalnom porastu starenjem stanovništva i produženim životnim vijekom. Osteoporoza i prijelomi povezani s osteoporozom uzroci su značajnog morbiditeta i mortaliteta kao i smanjene funkcionalne sposobnosti i pada kvalitete života, što predstavlja velik javnozdravstveni problem. Inhalacijski kortikosteroidi kao najučinkovitiji protuupalni lijekovi u kontroli astme čine temelj liječenja astme. Djelotvorni su u smanjenju upale u dišnim putevima, za kontrolu simptoma i smanjenje rizika od egzacerbacija u budućnosti i povezanog pada u plućnoj funkciji. Iako je dobro poznato štetno djelovanje sistemskih kortikosteroida na metabolizam kosti i povećani rizik razvoja osteoporoze i posljedičnih prijeloma, za inhalacijske kortikosteroide oprečna su izvješća o mogućem štetnom učinku tijekom dugotrajnog liječenja visokim dozama na mineralnu gustoću kostiju i prijelome. Stoga je cilj ovog preglednog rada razmotriti moguće rizične čimbenike koji povećavaju mogućnost razvoja osteoporoze u bolesnika s astmom i utvrditi djeluju li i u kojim razmjerima inhalacijski kortikosteroidi na metabolizam kosti, mineralnu gustoću kostiju i na rizik za razvoj osteoporoze i prijeloma u bolesnika s astmom. Potrebno je naglasiti i važnost prevencije osteoporoze u pacijenata s astmom koji koriste inhalacijske i sistemske kortikosteroide u terapiji u obliku denzitometrijskih mjerenja i procjene rizika kod svakog pacijenta uz započinjanje odgovarajućeg liječenja ovisno o dobivenim nalazima.

Abstract (english)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system in children and adults, with a prevalence ranging from 1-18% worldwide. It is estimated that over 330 million people worldwide have asthma, while osteoporosis, as the most common metabolic bone disease, is constantly increasing with an aging population and a longer life span. Osteoporosis and fractures associated with osteoporosis cause significant morbidity and mortality, as well as reduced functional capacity and decreased quality of life, which is a major public health problem. Inhaled corticosteroids, as the most effective anti-inflammatory medication in asthma control, are the mainstay asthma treatment. Inhaled corticosteroids are effective in reducing airway inflammation, controlling symptoms, and reducing the risk of future exacerbations and related decline in lung function. Although the adverse effects of systemic corticosteroids on bone metabolism and an increased risk of osteoporosis and consequent fractures are well known, reports of possible adverse effects during long-term treatment with high doses on bone mineral density and fractures are conflicting for inhaled corticosteroids. Therefore, the aim of this review is to evaluate the possible risk factors that increase the risk of osteoporosis in patients with asthma and to determine whether and to what extent inhaled corticosteroids affect bone metabolism, bone mineral density and the risk of osteoporosis and fractures in patients with asthma. The importance of osteoporosis prevention in patients with asthma who use inhaled and systemic corticosteroid therapy should be emphasized, in the form of bone densitometry measurements and risk assessment in each patient, with the initiation of appropriate treatment depending on the findings.

• Keywords: astma; osteoporoza; inhalacijski kortikosteroidi; denzitometrija
• Keywords (english): asthma; osteoporosis; inhaled corticosteroids; bone densitometry
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:722387
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-03-22 12:30:48