Utjecaj uporabe psihoaktivnih tvari na karakteristike forenzičko-psihijatrijske populacije

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of the use of psychoactive substances on the characteristics of the forensic psychiatric population
• Author: Lucija Didović
• Mentor: Aleksandar Savić (mentor)
• Committee member: Ninoslav Mimica (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Begić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Aleksandar Savić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Psychiatry

Abstract

UVOD: Uporaba psihoaktivnih tvari povezana je s promjenama emocija, pamćenja i izvršnih funkcija, a kronična uporaba može dovesti i do organskih promjena različitih regija uključujući i prefrontalni korteks. Poznato je kako lezije u ovom području uzrokuju dezinhibirano, pa i agresivno ponašanje u ljudi. Prema dosadašnjim istraživanjima, zlouporaba alkohola, kanabinoida te kokaina pokazuju najviši stupanj statistički značajne korelacije s nasiljem.

CILJ: Ispitati povezanost anamneze ovisnosti ili štetne uporabe psihoaktivnih tvari sa psihološkim karakteristikama, značajkama kaznenog djela i ubrojivosti počinitelja kaznenih djela vještačenih na Zavodu za forenzičku psihijatriju „Dr. Vlado Jukić“.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Istraživanje se temelji na retrospektivno prikupljenim podacima. Sudionici su počinitelji kaznenih djela kojima je tijekom sudskog procesa određeno psihijatrijsko vještačenje u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2012. do 31. prosinca 2021. godine. Podaci uključuju povijesti psihijatrijskih bolesti, rezultate psiholoških testiranja impulzivnosti, agresivnosti i disocijalnih/antisocijalnih karakteristika, vrstu kaznenog djela te vrste psihoaktivnih tvari iz ispitanikove anamneze.

REZULTATI: U uzorku od 192 sudionika pronađeno je kako su osobe koje imaju dijagnozu ovisnosti ili štetne uporabe psihoaktivnih tvari češće pokazivale disocijalne/antisocijalne značajke na testiranjima te su češće procijenjene kao smanjeno ubrojive. Također je nađena značajna povezanost između vrsta korištenih psihoaktivnih tvari u osoba s ovom dijagnozom i uporabe stimulansa te prisustvom impulzivnosti.

ZAKLJUČAK: U istraživanju su nađene značajne razlike korištenja stimulansa, ubrojivosti te disocijalnih/antisocijalnih karakteristika između sudionika s dijagnozom ovisnosti ili štetne uporabe i onih bez nje. Populacija s prisutnom impulzivosti pokazuje drugačiji obrazac anamneze uporabe specifičnih psihoaktivnih tvari od onih bez nje. Međutim, buduća istraživanja trebala bi obuhvatiti veće uzorke i provesti složenije statističke analize.

Abstract (english)

INTRODUCTION: The use of psychoactive substances is associated with changes in emotions, memory and executive functions, while chronic use can lead to organic changes in various regions, including the prefrontal cortex. It is known that lesions in this area cause disinhibited and even aggressive behavior in humans. According to previous research, abuse of alcohol, cannabinoids and cocaine show the highest statistically significant correlation with violence.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the connection between history of addiction or harmful use of psychoactive substances with psychological characteristics, features of offenses and criminal responsibility of offenders examined at the Institute for Forensic Psychiatry "Dr. Vlado Jukić".

PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The research is based on retrospectively collected data. The participants are criminal offenders who underwent a psychiatric examination during the court process in the period from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021. The data includes histories of psychiatric illnesses, results of psychological testing of impulsivity, aggressiveness and dissocial/antisocial characteristics, type of criminal offense and types of psychoactive substances from the subject's history.

RESULTS: In a sample of 192 participants, it was found that those who have a diagnosis of addiction or harmful use of psychoactive substances more often showed dissocial/antisocial features on tests and were most often of diminished criminal responsibility. A significant correlation was also found between the types of psychoactive substances used in persons with this diagnosis and the use of stimulants, as well as the presence of impulsivity.

CONCLUSION: The research found significant differences in the use of stimulants, criminal responsibility and dissocial/antisocial characteristics between participants with a diagnosis of addiction or harmful use and those without it. The population with impulsivity shows a different pattern of psychoactive substances abuse than those without it. However, future research should include larger samples and perform more complex statistical analyses.

• Keywords: agresija; impulzivnost; psihoaktivne tvari
• Keywords (english): aggression; impulsivity; psychoactive agents
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:912929
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-24 09:01:41