Sustavni klinički pregled lokomotornog sustava u fizikalnoj medicini i reumatologiji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Systematic clinical examination of the locomotor system in physical medicine and rheumatology
• Author: Matko Horvat
• Mentor: Porin Perić (mentor)
• Committee member: Iva Žagar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Bakula (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Porin Perić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Physical Medicine and General Rehabilitation); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-09-19, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Abstract

Povećanje udjela starijeg stanovništva unutar cijele Europe dovelo je do proporcionalnog povećanja pojavnosti tegoba lokomotornog sustava. Klinički pregled u medicinskoj djelatnosti jedan je od najvažnijih koraka u postavljanju ispravne dijagnoze. Zadatak je svakog kliničara da ga izvede točno i precizno. Primjena slikovnih metoda i dijagnostičkih testova nikada ne smije zamijeniti klinički pregled. Prvi kontakt iznimno je bitan da bi se uspostavio dobar odnos između pacijenta i liječnika te može biti od presudne važnosti pri daljnjem liječenju bolesti. Prije početka pregleda od pacijenta treba dobiti pristanak. Higijena kliničara tijekom svakog pregleda treba biti na visokoj razini. Najčešći razlog dolaska pacijenta je bol. Određeni dijelovi pregleda često u pacijenata izazivaju bol, a zadatak je liječnika da pacijent bude informiran i pripremljen na čitav tijek pregleda. Pregled započinjemo promatranjem ulaska pacijenta u ordinaciju. Pomagala za kretanje, vrsta hoda pa čak i obuća, mogu biti indikacija o kakvoj se bolesti radi. Tijekom uzimanja anamneze sastavni iznimno je bitno postaviti pacijentu ciljana pitanja. Pravilo „pogledaj-osjeti-pomakni“ sastavni je dio kliničkog pregleda. Prilikom inspekcije, bitno je osigurati vidljivost dijelova tijela koje pregledavamo. Palpacija može uzrokovati nelagodu kod pacijenta te ju je potrebno primjenjivati s razumijevanjem. Nemogućnost izvođenja određenih pokreta može nam uvelike olakšati postavljanje ispravne dijagnoze. Postavljanje ispravne dijagnoze te što brže izlječenje pacijenta cilj je svakog liječnika.

Abstract (english)

The increase in elderly population throughout Europe has led to a proportional increase in the incidence of diseases of the musculosceletal system. Clinical examination is one of the most important steps in establishing the corect diagnosis in physical medicine and rheumatology, as is in the entire medicine. It is the task of every clinician to perform it accurately and precisely. The use of imaging methods and diagnostic tests should never replace a clinical examination. First contact between the patient and their clinician is extremely important to establishing a good relationship which is necessary for treatment, especially in case of a chronic disease. Before starting the examination consent needs to be obtained from the patient. Hygiene during each examination should be at a high level. Pain is the most common reason why patients choose to see the doctor. Certain parts of the examination often cause pain in patients, and it is the clinician's task is to inform the patient and prepare them beforehand. Examination begins by observing the patient immediately upon their arrival. Aids for movement, type of gait and even footwear can narrow down the differential diagnosis. During anamnesis it is extremely important to ask targeted questions. The "look-feel-move" rule is an integral part of the clinical examination. During the inspection, it is important to ensure the visibility of the parts of the body that are being examined. Palpation can cause discomfort to the patient and should be applied with understanding. Patient's inability to perform certain movements further helps clinicians reach the correct diagnosis. Making the correct diagnosis and curing the patient as quickly as possible is the goal of every doctor.

• Keywords: lokomotorni sustav; poteškoće; starija populacija
• Keywords (english): locomotor system; difficulties; elderly population
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:362679
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-24 11:30:15