Agonisti receptora glukagonu sličnog peptida-1 u terapiji nealkoholne masne bolesti jetre

master's thesis

• Title (english): Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver
• Author: Lucija Mihaljević
• Mentor: Tomislav Bulum (mentor)
• Committee member: Tajana Filipec Kanižaj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Vuković Brinar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Bulum (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

Nealkoholna masna bolest jetre je najčešća kronična bolest jetre u zapadnom svijetu. NAFLD je dio metaboličkog sindroma u kojeg se ubrajaju centralna pretilost, povišene vrijednosti arterijskog tlaka, abnormalne vrijednosti kolesterola i triglicerida te inzulinska rezistencija sa šećernom bolesti tipa 2 (ŠB2). Nezdrava prehrana i smanjena tjelesna aktivnost čine glavne promjenjive čimbenike rizika u razvoju sastavnica metaboličkog sindroma, pa time i nealkoholne masne bolesti jetre. NAFLD se dijagnosticira kombinacijom laboratorijskih i slikovnih pretraga, te se u slučaju progresije u nealkoholni steatohepatitis, potvrđuje biopsijom jetre. NAFLD se definira nalazom ≥5% nakupljenih masti u jetri te isključivanjem sekundarnih uzroka, poput alkoholizma. Prema trenutnim smjernicama, liječenje NAFLD-a uključuje promjenu životnih navika, s naglaskom na zdraviju prehranu i povećanje tjelesne aktivnosti te liječenje pridruženih stanja. Do sada nije odobrena konkretna farmakološka terapija za liječenje NAFLD-a. Agonisti receptora glukagonu sličnog peptida-1 ubrajaju se u inkretinske mimetike koji se trenutno koriste u terapiji ŠB2 i pretilosti te se trenutno razmatraju kao nova terapijska opcija za NAFLD. Njihovom primjenom, postižu se različiti pozitivni metabolički učinci poput smanjenja inzulinske rezistencije, smanjenja apetita i produljenja osjećaja sitosti; beneficirajući učinci na metabolizam lipida s posljedičnim smanjenjem stupnja upale i fibroze u jetri.

Abstract (english)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common chronic liver disease in the Western world. NAFLD is part of metabolic syndrome, which includes central obesity, elevated blood pressure, abnormal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, and insulin resistance, including type 2 diabetes. An unhealthy diet and reduced physical activity are the main variable risk factors in the development of components of metabolic syndrome, thus, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. NAFLD is diagnosed by a combination of laboratory and imaging tests, and in the case of progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, it is confirmed by liver biopsy. NAFLD is defined by the finding of ≥5% accumulated fat in the liver and by excluding secondary causes, such as alcoholism. According to current guidelines, the treatment of NAFLD involves lifestyle changes, with an emphasis on a healthier diet and increased physical activity, and treatment of associated conditions. So far, no specific pharmacological therapy has been approved for the treatment of NAFLD. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are the incretin mimetics currently used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity and are currently being considered as a new therapeutic option for NAFLD. By administering them, various positive metabolic effects are achieved, such as reducing insulin resistance; reducing appetite, and prolonging satiety; beneficial effects on lipid metabolism with a consequent reduction in the degree of inflammation and fibrosis in the liver.

• Keywords: nealkoholna masna bolest jetre; metabolički sindrom; inzulinska rezistencija; agonisti receptora glukagonu sličnog peptida 1
• Keywords (english): non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; glucagonlike peptide 1 receptor agonists
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:005286
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-26 10:48:28