CAR-T stanična terapija u hematologiji

master's thesis

• Title (english): CAR-T cell therapy in hematology
• Author: Nika Premuž
• Mentor: Inga Mandac Smoljanović (mentor)
• Committee member: Slobodanka Ostojić-Kolonić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Vuković Brinar (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Inga Mandac Smoljanović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

CAR-T stanična (eng. chimeric antigen receptor T-cell) terapija je vrsta adaptivne stanične imunoterapije u kojoj se T limfociti genetski modificiraju ex vivo te se potom vraćaju u krvotok pacijenta kako bi prepoznavali i uništavali tumorske stanice. Radi se o novom terapijskom pristupu liječenju malignih bolesti koji u pretkliničkim i kliničkim studijama pokazuje odlične rezultate u liječenju hematoloških malignih bolesti. Osnovna struktura CAR receptora sastoji se od tri glavne domene: ektodomene, transmembranske domene i endodomene. Na temelju građe endodomene, CAR-T stanice podijeljene su u pet generacija. CAR-T stanična terapija ima velik potencijal što potvrđuju brojne kliničke studije i sve veći broj komercijalnih CAR-T staničnih terapija koje je odobrila FDA.

Unatoč tome, postoje brojna ograničenja u primjeni CAR-T stanica. CAR-T staničnu terapiju prati visoka stopa toksičnih učinaka zbog čega je potreban dobar probir pacijenata koji su kandidati za takvu vrstu liječenja. Ovaj rad donosi pregled dosadašnjih spoznaja o CAR-T staničnoj terapiji te njezinu uporabu u liječenju hematoloških proliferativnih bolesti.

Abstract (english)

CAR-T cell therapy is a type of adaptive cell immunotherapy that uses ex vivo genetically modified T-cells which are administered into the bloodstream in order to recognize and destroy cancer cells. It is a new therapeutic approach in cancer therapy, which shows promising results in preclinical and clinical trials when used to treat haematologic malignancies. The CAR receptor is structurally made of three main domains: ectodomain, transmembrane domain and endodomain. Based on the endodomain structure, CAR-T cells can be divided into five distinct generations. CAR-T cell therapy has great potential, which is confirmed by numerous clinical trials and an increasing number of FDA approved CAR-T cell therapies. Despite that, CAR-T cell therapy has a lot of limitations due to its high rate of adverse effects, mainly toxicities. Thus, the patient selection for that specific treatment should be precisely defined. This review focuses on CAR-T therapy and its use in the treatment of haematological proliferative diseases.

• Keywords: CAR-T stanice; imunoterapija; hematoonkologija
• Keywords (english): CAR-T cells; imunotherapy; Hemato-Oncology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:556628
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-10-30 10:56:18