Post COVID-19 sindrom

master's thesis

• Title (english): Post COVID-19 syndrome
• Author: Marija Vučić
• Mentor: Ana Vujaklija Brajković (mentor)
• Committee member: Luka Bielen (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Boško Skorić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ana Vujaklija Brajković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine

Abstract

COVID-19 je bolest koju uzrokuje virus nazvan SARS-CoV-2. Zbog naglog interkontinentalnog širenja ove zarazne bolesti, Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija je u ožujku 2020. godine proglasila COVID-19 pandemiju. Virus se na stanicu domaćina uglavnom veže preko ACE2 receptora. Infekcija počinje u dišnom sustavu gdje je bogata ekspresija navedenog receptora. Bolesnici se najčešće prezentiraju respiratornim simptomima poput kašlja, grlobolje i pneumonije. Međutim, ACE2 receptori su difuzno rasprostranjeni te se nalaze i u enterocitima, stanicama miokarda i endotelnim stanicama. Stoga, bolesnici mogu imati proljev, aritmije ili razviti trombozu. Stariji bolesnici i osobe s kroničnim bolestima imaju povećan rizik razvoja teže kliničke slike. 10-35% oboljelih od COVID-a ima specifične tegobe i šest mjeseci nakon preboljele akutne bolesti, tzv. post Covid sindrom. Najčešći simptomi sindroma su umor, dispneja, kognitivna oštećenja i kronični kašalj. Obzirom da je dišni sustav najčešće sijelo infekcije, velik dio bolesnika nakon preboljele akutne teške virusne infekcije s afekcijom pluća ima kronične funkcionalne i radiološke promjene pluća. U 2-8% bolesnika također se kao komplikacija javlja poremećaj koagulacije. Tromboza može biti arterijska i očitovati se moždanim udarom, infarktom miokarda i ishemijom udova ili venska koja se očituje kao duboka venska tromboza ili plućna embolija.

Abstract (english)

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a virus called SARS-CoV-2. Due to the intercontinental spread of this infectious disease, the World Health Organization declared the Covid-19 pandemic in March of 2020. The virus mainly binds to the host cell via the ACE2 receptor. The infection begins in the respiratory system where ACE2 receptors are richly expressed. Patients often present with respiratory symptoms of cough, sore throat and pneumonia. However, ACE2 receptors are widely distributed and are also found in the esophagus, enterocytes, myocardial cells and endothelial cells. Therefore, patients may also have diarrhea, arrhythmia or symptoms of thrombosis. Elderly and patiens with chronic diseases have an increased risk of developing a more severe clinical picture. 10-35% of patients with COVID report symptoms even six months after an acute infection, the so called post Covid syndrome. The most common symptoms are fatigue, dyspnea, cognitive impairment and chronic cough. Given that the respiratory system is the most common source of infection, many patients with severe viral infection present with both functional and radiological abnormalities of the lungs after an acute illness. Coagulation disorders also occur in 2-8% of patients. Thrombosis can be arterial and manifest as a stroke, myocardial infarction and limb ischemia or venous, manifested as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.

• Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; ACE2 receptori; post Covid tromboza
• Keywords (english): SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; ACE2 receptors; post Covid thrombosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:473887
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-11-02 12:01:07