Relationship of Glucose, C-peptide, Leptin, and BDNF in Maternal and Umbilical Vein Blood in Type-1 Diabetes

Scientific paper - Original scientific paper

• Author: Josip Đelmiš
• Author: Slavko Orešković
• Author: Vesna Elveđi Gašparović
• Author: Mirta Starčević
• Author: Mislav Herman
• Author: Nada Dessardo
• Author: Vito Starčević
• Author: Marina Ivanišević
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Gynecology and Obstetrics

Abstract (english)

The study aimed to determine the relationship between glucose, C-peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and leptin between mother and fetus and neonatal weight. Methods: In the prospective observational cohort study, we included 66 women with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). According to the z-score for neonatal weight, patients were divided into healthy-weight neonates (n = 42) and overweight neonates (n = 24). The maternal blood samples were taken during pregnancy and cesarean section when the umbilical vein blood sample was also withdrawn. The maternal vein sera were analyzed for fasting glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, BDNF, TSH, FT3, and FT4. The umbilical vein sera were analyzed for glucose, C-peptide, leptin, TSH, thyroid-stimulating protein (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and BDNF concentration. The neonatologist measured the skinfold thickness on the third day of neonatal life. Results: A strong correlation was confirmed between maternal and umbilical vein glucose concentration and maternal glucose and C-peptide in umbilical vein blood. A negative correlation was found between the concentration of BDNF in the umbilical vein and glucose in maternal blood. A strong correlation was seen between BMI and maternal blood leptin concentration, neonatal fat body mass, and umbilical vein blood leptin concentration. Higher BMI elevated BDNF, and TSH increase the odds for overweight neonates in the first trimester of pregnancy. Maternal higher leptin concentration in the first trimester decrease the odds of overweight neonates. Conclusions: Maternal glucose concentrations affect the fetus’s glucose, C-peptide, and BDNF concentrations. Leptin levels increase in maternal blood due to increased body mass index, and in the neonate, fat body mass is responsible for increased leptin concentrations.

• Keywords (english): Body Mass Index; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C-Peptide; Cesarean Section; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Female; Fetal Blood; Glucose; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Leptin; Overweight; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Thyrotropin; Umbilical Veins
• Language: english
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Original scientific paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: Nutrients
• Numbering: vol. 15, no. 3, 600
• e-ISSN: 2072-6643
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030600
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:277962
• Publication: 2023-01-24
• Project: Number: IP-2018-01-1284; Title (croatian): Prevencija hipoglikemije u trudnica s dijabetesom tipa 1; Acronym: PRE-HYPO; Leader: Marina Ivanišević; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funding stream: IP
• Document URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/3/600
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-01-16 08:46:57