| Abstract | Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati razlike između namjernih i nenamjernih otrovanja s
obzirom na učestalost, dob, spol i sredstvo otrovanja djece bolnički liječene u Klinici za dječje
bolesti Zagreb u periodu od 5 godina.
Metode: Retrospektivno su analizirani podatci sve djece bolnički liječene na Odsjeku pedijatrijske
kliničke farmakologije i toksikologije u Klinici za dječje bolesti Zagreb u periodu od 2015. do
2019. godine.
Rezultati: U promatranom je razdoblju učestalost namjernih i nenamjernih otrovanja relativno
stabilna. Nenamjerna otrovanja činila su 88,5 % slučajeva, od čega su 54,3 % bili dječaci.
Namjerna otrovanja činila su 11,5 % slučajeva, a 73,8 % svih slučajeva odnosilo se na djevojčice.
Najčešće sredstvo u skupini nenamjernih otrovanja je alkohol. Na drugom mjestu su otrovanja
lijekovima (18,6 %), a slijede kućne kemikalije s 12,6 %. U skupini namjernih otrovanja najčešće
sredstvo otrovanja su lijekovi (84,5 %), zatim pesticidi (6 %) i kućne kemikalije (0,1 %).
Najzastupljeniji lijekovi u skupini namjernih otrovanja bili su benzodiazepini (34,67 %), a u
skupini nenamjernih otrovanja isti se nalaze na visokom drugom mjestu (17,29 %) odmah iza
skupine „ostalo“ (42,86 %). Djeca primljena zbog namjernih otrovanja zahtijevala su dulje
bolničko liječenje na odjelu (M = 2,36; t[535] = - 6,76; p < 0,001), više djece primilo je antidotsku
terapiju (χ2[1] = 84,31, p < 0,001) te su pet puta više zahtijevala intenzivno liječenje nego djeca iz
skupine nenamjernih otrovanja (χ2[1] = 24,83, p < 0,001).
Zaključak: Namjerna i nenamjerna otrovanja se u dječjoj dobi razlikuju. Znajući obrasce i
karakteristike svake od skupina otrovanja, potrebno je svakoj skupini prilagoditi mjere prevencije.
Potrebno je daljnje i kontinuirano praćenje epidemioloških karakteristika radi procjene učinka
primijenjenih programa i kako bi se mogle planirati preventivne mjere u skladu sa stvarnim
stanjem. |
| Abstract (english) | Background & aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between intentional
and unintentional poisonings considering the frequency, age, sex and types of poison in children
who were hospitalized at the Clinic for Children's Diseases Zagreb for a period of 5 years.
Methods: The data of all children hospitalized at the Department of Paediatric Clinical
Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Clinic for Children's Diseases Zagreb in the period from 2015
to 2019, were retrospectively analysed.
Results: The frequency of intentional and unintentional poisonings was relatively stable in the
observed period. Unintentional poisoning were 88.5% of cases, of which 54.3% were amongst
boys. Intentional poisonings were 11.5% of cases and 73.8% of all cases were amongst girls.
Alcohol was the most common cause of unintentional poisoning. Drug poisonings were the second
most common cause (18.6%), followed by household chemicals (12.6%). Medicines were the most
common cause of intentional poisoning (84.5%), followed by pesticides (6%) and household
chemicals (0.1%). The most common drugs in the group of intentional poisonings were
benzodiazepines (34.67%), and in the group of unintentional poisonings, they were also in a high
second place (17.29%), just behind the group "other" (42.86%). Children admitted due to
intentional poisoning, required longer hospitalization (M = 2.36; t (535) = - 6.76; p <,001), more
children received antidote therapy (χ2 (1) = 84.31, p <,001) and they required five times more
intensive treatment than children from the group of non-intentional poisonings (χ2 (1) = 24.83, p
<,001).
Conclusion: Intentional and unintentional poisonings in childhood are different. Knowing the
patterns and characteristics of each of the groups of poisoning, it is necessary to adapt prevention
measures to each group. Further and continuous monitoring of epidemiological characteristics is
needed to assess the impact of implemented programs and to plan a preventive measure in
accordance with the actual situation. |
