Liječenje neuroendokrinih tumora

master's thesis

• Title (english): Treatment of neuroendocrine tumors
• Author: Ana Turudić
• Mentor: Borislav Belev (mentor)
• Committee member: DAMIR VRBANEC (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nikola Đaković (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Borislav Belev (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pathophysiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2015-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pathophysiology

Abstract

Neuroendokrini tumori su novotvorine koje potječu iz neuroendokrinih stanica koje su lokalizirane u različitim dijelovima tijela, najčešće u gastrointestinalnom i bronhopulmonalnom sustavu gdje je mreža tih stanica najgušća. Najčešća mjesta metastaziranja su okolni limfni čvorovi, jetra i kosti. Često prekomjerno izlučuju hormone, pa mogu izazvati brojne kliničke simptome te kao takvi predstavljaju poseban dijagnostički i terapijski entitet. Pojavnost neuroendokrinih tumora uglavnom je sporadična, no mogu se razviti i u sklopu multiple endokrine neoplazije tip 1, dok se gastrinomi (2/3) i inzulinomi (1/3) najčešće pojavljuju u hereditarnim sindromima. Neuroendokrine tumore osobitim čine i fiziološke osobine jer stanice NET-a mogu pokazivati fenotipsku sličnost s neuralnim stanicama zbog ekspresije proteina poput sinaptofizina, kromogranina i neuron specifične enolaze. Klinička slika neuroendokrinih tumora može se prezentirati pojavom boli, mučnine, proljeva, spaciokompresivnog sindroma ili se mogu javiti simptomi vezani uz hipersekreciju hormona. Danas se kao važno područje istraživanja nameće pronalaženje ključnih molekularnih mehanizama i genetskih mutacija koji bi razjasnili nastanak i napredovanje neuroendokrinih tumora jer je tumorski rast, kao i odgovor na liječenje, nepredvidljiv. Biološke osobitosti, dulje preživljenje bolesnika i mogućnost praćenja humoralnih biljega čine ih grupom tumora kod kojih je moguće pratiti učinke konzervativnog liječenja.

Abstract (english)

Neuroendocrine tumors are neoplasms that originate from neuroendocrine cells which can be found in different tissues and organs of human body. The greatest concentration of those cell types can be found in gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonal tracts. The most common sites of neuroendocrine tumor metastasis are regional lymph nodes, liver and bone. Some neuroendocrine tumors are functional, which means they produce excess hormones that can lead to a variety of hormone-related symptoms. Most neuroendocrine tumours are mainly sporadic, but association with the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 syndrome and clustering within families is known. Gastrinomas and insulinomas are mostly associated with hereditary syndromes. Cells of these neoplasms share common phenotypic characteristics, such as chromogranins, synaptophysin and neuron-specific enolase, with neural cells. The most common clinical presentations include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, compartment syndrome or other hormone-related symptoms. Various further novel strategies of targeted therapy and discovering of molecular mechanisms and genetic mutations which play an important role in tumor growth are under development. Biological characteristics, long-term survival of patients with NETs and available markers makes both diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation possible.

• Keywords: neuroendokrini tumori; dijagnostika neuroendokrinih tumora; znakovi i simptomi; terapija i liječenje neuroendokrinih tumora
• Keywords (english): neuroendocrine tumors; diagnostics of NETs; signs and symptoms; therapy and managment of NETs
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:639606
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2016-08-09 11:29:40