Utjecaj nuklearne katastrofe u Černobilu na pojavnost tumora štitnjače u Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of the nuclear disaster in Chernobyl on the incidence of thyroid tumors in Croatia
• Author: Marina Čižmešinkin Cugovčan
• Mentor: Iskra Alexandra Nola (mentor)
• Committee member: Milan Milošević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ksenija Vitale (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Iskra Alexandra Nola (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care

Abstract

Tumor štitnjače je najčešća zloćudna bolest endokrinog sustava. Prema zadnjim procjenama
Međunarodne agencije za istraživanje tumora (IARC), 2020. godine su u svijetu od tumora
štitnjače oboljele 586 202 osobe, a umrlo je 43 646 osoba. Žene čine preko 80% svih novih
slučajeva u Europi, te 60% smrti zbog tumora štitnjače. Tumor štitnjače može se pojaviti u
bilo kojoj dobi; kod žena se češće javlja u četrdesetim i pedesetim godinama života, dok je u
muškaraca češći u šezdesetim i sedamdesetim. Prema posljednjim podacima Registra za
tumor, u 2019. godini od tumora štitnjače oboljela je 831 osoba, od čega 78% žena. Rizični
čimbenici za tumor štitnjače uključuju izlaganje ionizirajućem zračenju, obiteljsku anamnezu
tumora štitnjače, niski sadržaj joda u prehrani, neke rijetke nasljedne sindrome, ženski spol i
sniženu razinu D vitamina. Černobilska katastrofa iz 1986. godine i njezine posljedice
povezane s incidencijom tumora štitnjače često su istraživane u proteklim desetljećima. Usprkos mogućoj izloženosti radionuklidima nakon nuklearne katastrofe u Černobilu, rezultati istraživanja provedenih u Hrvatskoj nisu pokazala neporecivu vezu između
pojavnosti tumora štitnjače i izloženosti radionuklidima nakon katastrofe u Černobilu u
pojedinaca koji su se nalazili u rizičnoj skupini (rođeni između 1966. i 1986.). Iako trendovi u svijetu ukazuju na značajan porast broja novooboljelih od tumora štitnjače, oko 5% godišnje u posljednjih 20 godina, ipak se veliki dio porasta broja novooboljelih
pripisuje boljoj dijagnostici i češćim ultrazvučnim pregledima štitnjače.

Abstract (english)

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease of the endocrine system. According to
the latest estimates of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), in 2020, 586,202 people worldwide were diagnosed with thyroid cancer, and 43,646 people died. Women account for over 80% of all new cases in Europe, and 60% of deaths due to thyroid
cancer. Thyroid cancer can occur at any age; in women it occurs more often in their forties
and fifties, while in men it is more common in their sixties and seventies. According to the
latest data from the Cancer Registry, in 2019, 831 people were diagnosed with thyroid cancer, of which 78% were women. Risk factors for thyroid cancer include exposure to ionizing
radiation, a family history of thyroid cancer, low iodine in the diet, some rare hereditary
syndromes, female sex, and low vitamin D levels. The Chernobyl disaster of 1986 and its
consequences related to the incidence of thyroid cancer have been frequently investigated in
the past decades. Despite the possible exposure to radionuclides after the Chernobyl nuclear
disaster, the results of research conducted in Croatia did not show an undeniable link between
the incidence of thyroid tumors and exposure to radionuclides after the Chernobyl disaster in
individuals who were in the risk group (born between 1966 and 1986). Although trends in the world indicate a significant increase in the number of new cases of
thyroid cancer, about 5% per year in the last 20 years, a large part of the increase in the
number of new cases is attributed to better diagnostics and more frequent thyroid ultrasound
examinations.

• Keywords: Černobil; Hrvatska; ionizirajuće zračenje; nuklearna katastrofa; tumor štitnjače
• Keywords (english): Chernobyl; Croatia; ionizing radiation; nuclear disaster; thyroid cance
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:992728
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-04-18 09:44:25