Uloga medicinske sestre u liječenju bolesnika s hipertenzivnom krizom

master's thesis

• Title (english): The role of the nurse in the treatment of patients with hypertensive crisis
• Author: Marija Šćević
• Mentor: Ingrid Prkačin (mentor)
• Committee member: Nikolina Bašić Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Lovrić Benčić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ingrid Prkačin (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-06-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences

Abstract

Arterijska hipertenzija najčešći je uzrok kardiovaskularnih bolesti kao i smrtnosti, a isto tako
znatno pridonosi učestalosti ostalih kroničnih bolesti od kojih su najučestalije srčani i moždani
udar. Arterijska hipertenzija ili drugim riječima visoki krvni tlak definira se kao trajno
povišenje sistoličkog i dijastoličkog krvnog tlaka. Ona je zajednički naziv za svako trajno
povećanje arterijskog krvnog tlaka iznad normalnih vrijednosti. Najčešća intervencija koju
medicinska sestra provodi kod ovakvih bolesnika jest mjerenje vitalnih funkcija pacijenta,
prvenstveno tlaka i srčanog pulsa. Osim što educira pacijenta o štetnosti povišenog unosa soli,
alkohola, konzumiranja cigareta, prerađene hrane i o potrebi redovitog uzimanja lijekova,
sestra je zadužena i za kontroliranje tih parametara i vođenje sestrinske dokumentacije. Svaki
poremećaj koji uzrokuje arterijsku hipertenziju može dovesti i do hipertenzivne krize. Na to
najviše utječe razina promjene krvnog tlaka. Hipertenzivna kriza se klasificira kao
hipertenzivno emergentno stanje, ovisno o zahvaćenosti krajnjih organa, uključujući srčana,
bubrežna i neurološka oštećenja. Hipertenzivni hitni slučaj dijagnosticira se kada postoje
dokazi o izravnom oštećenju jednog ili više organa kao rezultat krvnog tlaka većeg od
180mmHg sistoličkog i/ili 120mmHg dijastoličkog.
Potreban je adekvatan pregled i procjena pri određivanju nalazi li se pacijent u nereguliranoj
kroničnoj hipertenziji (ranije termin koji se koristio bila je hipertenzivna urgencija) ili
hipertenzivnoj emergenciji. Upravo o tom određivanju ovisiti će odabir prikladne terapije i
hitnost njezine primjene.

Abstract (english)

Arterial hypertension is the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases as well as mortality,
and it also significantly contributes to the frequency of other chronic diseases, the most
common of which are heart attack and stroke. Arterial hypertension or in other words high
blood pressure is defined as a permanent increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It is
a common name for any permanent increase in arterial blood pressure above normal values.
The most common intervention performed by a nurse in such patients is the measurement of a
person's vital functions, primarily blood pressure and heart rate. In addition to educating the
patient about the harmful effects of increased intake of salt, alcohol, cigarette smoking,
processed food and the need to take medication regularly, the nurse is also responsible for
controlling these parameters and maintaining nursing documentation. Any disorder that causes
arterial hypertension can also lead to a hypertensive crisis. This is mostly influenced by the
level of change in blood pressure. Any disorder that occurs in the human body and causes
arterial hypertension can also lead to a hypertensive crisis. This is mostly influenced by the
level of change in blood pressure. A hypertensive crisis can be further classified as a
hypertensive emergency, depending on end-organ involvement, including cardiac, renal, and
neurological damage. A hypertensive emergency is diagnosed when there is evidence of direct
damage to one or more organs as a result of severely elevated blood pressure greater than
180mmHg systolic or 120mmHg diastolic. Adequate examination and assessment is required
to determine whether the patient is in hypertensive urgency or hypertensive emergence. It is
precisely in this determination that the selection of appropriate therapy and the urgency of its
application will depend.

• Keywords: hipertenzija; arterijska hipertenzija; hipertenzivna kriza; krvni tlak; edukacija; liječenje; medicinska sestra
• Keywords (english): hypertension; arterial hypertension; hypertensive crisis; blood pressure; education; treatment; nurse
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:674779
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-04-26 10:22:43