Tear Biomarkers and Alzheimer’s Disease

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Author: Snježana Kaštelan
• Author: Marijana Braš
• Author: Neda Pjevač
• Author: Ivana Bakija
• Author: Zora Tomić
• Author: Nada Pjevač Keleminić
• Author: Antonela Gverović Antunica
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics)
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Family Medicine)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Public Health and Health Care; Family Medicine

Abstract (english)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder that represents the most common type of dementia. It poses a significant diagnostic challenge that requires timely recognition and treatment. Currently, there is no effective therapy for AD; however, certain medications may slow down its progression. The discovery of AD biomarkers, namely, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid molecules (amyloid-β and tau) has advanced our understanding of this disease and has been crucial for identifying early neuropathologic changes prior to clinical changes and cognitive decline. The close interrelationship between the eye and the brain suggests that tears could be an interesting source of biomarkers for AD; however, studies in this area are limited. The identification of biomarkers in tears will enable the development of cost-effective, non-invasive methods of screening, diagnosis and disease monitoring. In order to use tears as a standard method for early and non-invasive diagnosis of AD, future studies need to be conducted on a larger scale.

• Keywords (english): Alzheimer Disease / diagnostic imaging; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Biomarkers; Brain / diagnostic imaging; Cognitive Dysfunction; Humans; Nerve Degeneration
• Language: english
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Numbering: vol. 24, no. 17, 13429
• e-ISSN: 1422-0067
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713429
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:237686
• Publication: 2023-08-30
• Document URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/17/13429
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-06-14 09:34:03