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Clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease
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Caroline Lucie Mouselli The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) increases exponentially with age.
Therefore, it becomes a major public health problem since the population is getting
older, and the cost of caring increases. Cognitive deficits in AD appear and progress
insidiously, but the rate of progression can vary. The average life expectancy has
been reported to be between three and eight years. Clinical assessment and
neuropsychological testing are necessary initial tools for the diagnosis of...
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Clinical trials in developing countries - ethical considerations
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Luka Vujević When designing clinical trial or considering decision to take part in particular clinical trial as investigators, even before submission to responsible Central Ethic Committee, we always make certain private assessment about ethical justification of this clinical trial. When making assessment if any clinical trial is ethically justifiable, there should make no difference in which country this clinical trial will be executed. Physicians coming from developing countries must ensure that...
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Clinical, functional and biomarkers criteria for the diagnosis of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases overlap (ACO)
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Lilach Yael Ben Porath Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two very common chronic lung diseases in the general population and are traditionally viewed as two distinct disease entities that can be easily differentiated by clinicians in the majority of cases. Both of them are characterized by a combination of multifactorial inflammatory processes and airway obstruction. In both diseases, the complexity of inflammatory processes affects the variable response to the given treatment among and...
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Cognitive effects of hormone replacement therapy in menopausal women
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Žan Kovačič INTRODUCTION: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is prescribed to women for the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms; however, there remains doubt about what kind of influence does it have on cognition. Previous studies, in animal models and observational clinical data, showed that estrogen could have a positive effect on the aging brain; but large clinical trials, such as the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Studies (WHIMS), showed a negative effect on cognition in older women. We aimed to...
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Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
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Meytar Zohari Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory, potentially disabling demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with neurodegeneration being the most prominent in progressive phenotypes. The disease results in motor, sensory and cognitive symptoms, all of which can occur independently of one another. Patients with multiple neurological signs or CNS lesions that are separated in time are diagnosed with relapsing-remitting (RR) or primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS)....
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Cognitive-behavioural therapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Veronika Nives Zorić Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a severe and debilitating psychiatric disorder affecting more and more people worldwide. As the fourth most common psychiatric disorder, its history can be traced back to the 16th century. Although previously classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-IV, it has recently been given its own chapter with related disorders in DSM-5. In ICD-10, OCD is grouped with neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, and given the code F42. ICD-10 subdivides OCD into...
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Common complications of mechanical ventilation and multimodal prevention strategies
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Andrew Gordon Markle Mechanical ventilation has undergone tremendous change in its fifty years of
mainstream usage. In that time it has made the treatment of previously fatal
diseases possible. Importantly, research has shown that it also has the
potential to cause or exacerbate disease. This paper seeks to explore some
of the more common complications of mechanical ventilation, and methods in
which they may be prevented or ameliorated.
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Common interactions between drugs and herbal supplements used in alternative medicine
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Daniella Eva Sanković Dietary supplements are formulations which contain pharmacologically active phytochemicals. In recent years, the use of alternative and complementary medicine (CAM) has increased significantly. As herbal supplement manufacturers aren’t obligated to undergo extensive regulation, the possibility of herb-drug interactions is increased when compared with the likelihood of interactions between two prescription drugs. There is a common misconception that because herbal supplements are derived...
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Communication with an obese person
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Nora Rako Epidemic of obesity is present worldwide. Obesity-related diseases are the main cause of mortality and morbidity, with huge impact on social aspect of life. Since terminology used during diagnosis of obesity is sometimes perceived as insulting, the proper communication with physicians is of the most importance. A study was conducted with the aim to provide a term that would regain consciousness about medical condition avoiding unnecessary discomfort. A total of 200 students (153 females, 47...
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Comparison of opinions on invasive and noninvasive esthetic procedures between Croatian and French population
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Caroline France Virginie Vaslon In modern society, the obsession with a young and beautiful appearance has become ordinary and has resulted in an upswing in cosmetic procedures trying to reverse the aging process. During these last few years, the evolution on this topic has expanded and the requirement of the patient for interventions increased exponentially. Different techniques were developed in order to meet the growing demand. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore, in the general population, the...
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Comparison of treatment options of uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
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Nataša Basrak Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatologic disease in children and it affects approximately 1 in 1000 children worldwide. Children with JIA have an increased risk for uveitis and as many as 10-30% of children with JIA will develop uveitis. Severe or untreated uveitis can lead to long term complications and consequences, including cataracts, glaucoma and blindness; therefore treatment is of utmost importance. Topical corticosteroids and systemic...
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Complex open and endovascular reconstructions of aorta and its branches
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Maor Meir Pichadze The aorta is the largest blood vessel in the human body, responsible for supplying blood for the systemic circulation and enabling the blood supply to the organs via its branches. Aortic diseases are of major global concern since the history of humankind, though, their significance is even more pronounced nowadays in developed countries, due to the additive and synergistic effects of natural physiologic factors combined with various risk factors that emerged with the transition to the...
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