Radikalna prostatektomija

master's thesis

• Title (english): Radical prostatectomy
• Author: Antonio Bejić
• Mentor: Boris Ružić (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Urology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Urology

Abstract

Prostata je žlijezda muškog spolnog sustava smještena u zdjelici. Nalazi se inferiorno od mjehura, anteriorno od rektuma i posteriorno od pubične kosti. Prostata luči sjemenu tekućinu potrebnu za prehranu spermija. Starenjem dolazi do promjena unutar strukture tkiva prostate u smislu benigne hiperplazije prostate. Karcinom prostate drugi je po učestalosti nakon karcinoma pluća, a zahvaća muškarce starije životne dobi, najčešće iznad 65 godina. Dugačak asimptomatski period uvelike odgađa rano otkrivanje karcinoma. Promjene u tkivu prostate mogu se utvrditi na više načina. Digitorektalnim pregledom, transrektalnim ultrazvukom te nalazom povišene razine PSA u serumu postavlja se indikacija za biopsiju prostate kojom se potvrđuje definitivna dijagnoza. Radikalna prostatektomija opcija je kirurškog liječenja lokalizirane bolesti, a podrazumijeva odstranjivanje prostate u cijelosti sa seminalnim vezikulama. Postoji više načina kirurškog pristupa radikalnoj prostatektomiji, a to su retropubični, laparoskopski te robotski asistirani laparoskopski. Svaki od navedenih pristupa ima prednosti, nedostatke, kao i indikacije i kontraindikacije, ali i komplikacije koje mogu dovesti do smanjenja kvalitete života. Razvojem novih kirurških metoda, značajno je smanjena učestalost komplikacija kao što su impotencija, inkontinencija i strikture uretre. Postoperativno se kontrola bolesti provodi praćenjem serumskih vrijednosti PSA.

Abstract (english)

Prostate is a male genitourinary endocrine organ situated in the pelvis. It is located inferior to the bladder, frontal to the rectum, and posterior to the pubic bone. Prostate excretes seminal fluid necessary for sperm nutrition. Ageing induces changes in the prostatic tissue, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostatic carcinoma is the second most common after lung carcinoma, and it usually affects older population, aged mostly above 65 years. A long asymptomatic period postpones early diagnosis. Prostate tissue changes can be confirmed by digitorectal examination, transrectal ultrasound and elevated PSA values in the blood after which fine needle biopsy is indicated to confirm the diagnosis. Radical prostatectomy is a surgical treatment option for a localized prostate carcinoma which includes the removal od the whole prostate, along with seminal vesicles. Several ways of surgical treatement are available, retropubic, laparoscopic and robot-assited laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Each one of them has its advantages and disadvantages, as well as indications and contraindications, but also complications which can reduce one´s life quality. Newly developed surgical methods reduce the incidence of complications such as impotence, incontinence and urethral strictures. Postoperative disease control is conducted by monitoring PSA values in the serum.

• Keywords: karcinom prostate; PSA; Gleason zbroj; radikalna prostatektomija
• Keywords (english): prostate carcinoma; PSA; Gleason value; radical prostatectomy
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:140469
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-06-29 07:45:33