Optička koherentna tomografija

master's thesis

• Title (english): Optical coherence tomography
• Author: Fran Novak
• Mentor: Maja Balarin (mentor)
• Committee member: Marin Kosović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Dolanski-Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Balarin (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Physics and Biophysics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2016-07-15, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Ophthalmology

Abstract

Optička koherentna tomografija ili OCT uređaj je i dijagnostička metoda oslikavanja koja je začetke svoje primjene u medicini imala u oftalmologiji. To je relativno nova metoda koja je svoje mjesto u kliničkoj i dijagnostičkoj medicini pronašla u posljednjih petnaestak godina. Prva istraživanja OCT-a predstavljena su 1991. godine. OCT je beskontaktna i neinvazivna dijagnostička metoda oslikavanja. Osnova funkcioniranja optičke koherentne tomografije zasniva se na sustavu koji je američki fizičar i dobitnik Nobelove nagrade Albert Abraham Michelson osmislio krajem 19. stoljeća, a to je Michelsonov interferometar. Prvotna verzija Michelsonovog interferometra bila je prilično jednostavan sustav fiksnih i pomičnih zrcala, polupropusnih zrcala, svjetlosnog izvora i detektora. Današnji principi Michelsonovog interferometra značajno su unaprijeđeni uporabom komponenata s optičkim vlaknima koje su zamijenile jednostavna zrcala, ali time i nemjerljivo ubrzale, pojednostavile i povećale preciznost cijelog sustava. Budući da se cijeli sustav temelji na uporabi snopova svjetlosti infracrvenog spektra, OCT pruža visoku rezoluciju snimaka, precizno snimanje iznimno sitnih struktura i puno veću dijagnostičku kvalitetu od one dobivene uporabom ultrazvučnih ili radio valova. Primjena OCT-a se iz oftalmologije, u kojoj je napravio dijagnostičku, prevencijsku i terapijsku revoluciju, proširila i na druge grane medicine i radi svojih sve zapaženijih kvaliteta postaje novi dijagnostički standard koji sve više zamjenjuje stare, dugotrajne i komplicirane dijagnostičke postupke.

Abstract (english)

Optical coherence tomography also known as OCT is an instrument and a diagnostic imaging technique which had its primary medical usage in the field of ophthalmology. It is a relatively new technique that has found its place in the clinical and diagnostic medicine only in the last fifteen years. The first scientific reports about usage of OCT were introduced in 1991. OCT is completely modern, non-contact and non-invasive diagnostic technique. The basic part of the OCT is the Michelson interferometer, which was constructed by American physicist and Nobel Prize winner Albert Abraham Michelson in the late 19ᵗʰ century. The first version of the Michelson interferometer was pretty simple considering that it was constructed using few mirrors, beamsplitter, a light source and a simple detector. The construction of today’s modern Michelson interferometer is radically modernised by replacing the simple mirrors and the beamsplitter with modern fiberoptic components, which has dramatically increased the speed, quality and precision of the whole system. As its light source is from the infra-red spectrum, the OCT offers high resolution of the image taken, very precise scanning of extremely small structures and also a greater diagnostic quality compared to the ultrasound and radio waves diagnostic methods. The usage of the OCT, which made a revolution in clinical ophthalmology, is not limited to that field anymore. Its usage is now spread throughout many medical fields and it is becoming a new diagnostic standard. In few years, many of older diagnostic methods might become obsolete because of the OCT.

• Keywords: optička koherentna tomografija; OCT; Michelsonov interferometar
• Keywords (english): optical coherence tomography; OCT; Michelson interferometer
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:258945
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-08-23 09:07:07