Magnetska rezonancija u evaluaciji demencija

master's thesis

• Title (english): Magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of dementia
• Author: Andrija Meštrović
• Mentor: Marina Boban (mentor)
• Committee member: Branko Malojčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Dolanski-Babić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marina Boban (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Neurology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Neurology

Abstract

Demencija je definirana kao sindrom za kojeg je karakteristično progresivno oštećenje kognitivnih funkcija koje dovodi do narušavanja aktivnosti svakodnevnog života. Razne bolesti, poput Alzheimerove bolesti, vaskularne demencije, demencije u Parkinsonovoj bolesti, frontotemporalne lobarne degeneracije i drugih, mogu uzrokovati demenciju. Diferencijalna dijagnoza nije uvijek laka te se konačna dijagnoza nekih bolesti može dati tek post mortem. Simptomatska terapija olakšava tijek bolesti većine demencija. Nasuprot tome, neuroprotektivna terapija koja se intenzivno istražuje, no još uvijek nije dostupna, zahtjeva početak primjene prije nastupa klinički značajnih simptoma. Klinička slika, lumbalna punkcija i radiološka obrada dio su standardne kliničke obrade demencija. Oslikavanje magnetskom rezonancijom izvrsno prikazuje moždano tkivo te je odlična dijagnostička metoda za prikaz strukture mozga i lokalizacije atrofije te promjena bijele tvari u osoba s demencijom. Značajna prednost primjene MRI je odsustvo štetnog ionizirajućeg zračenja. Cilj ovog rada je osvrt na korištenje magnetske rezonancije mozga u dijagnozi demencije i njene mogućnosti u diferencijalnoj dijagnozi i praćenju progresije bolesti.

Abstract (english)

Dementia is a syndrome that is characterized by progressive deterioration of cognitive functions (e.g. memory, thinking, behavior) that are great enough to affect a person's daily functioning. Various diseases can cause dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, etc. Differential diagnosis can be difficult and the definite diagnosis can in most of cases be made only post mortem. Sympthomatic treatment has shown promising results in quality of life improvement. However, neuroprotective treatments seem to be on the horizon and require early initiation of treatment to be effective. Clinical features, lumbar puncture, and radiological examination are all a part of the diagnostic procedure. Magnetic resonance imaging has a great resolution and is a excellent tool for brain disease evaluation. The basis of dementia diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging is analysis of grey matter atrophy and white matter lesions. It also lacks harmful ionising radiation. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the use of brain magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of dementia and its capability in differential diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression.

• Keywords: demencija; magnetska rezonancija; Alzheimerova bolest; frontotemporalna lobarna degeneracija; vaskularna demencija
• Keywords (english): Dementia; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Alzheimer's disease; Frontotemporal lobar degeneration; Vascular dementia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:975747
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-01-08 09:56:51