Tumori žlijezda slinovnica

master's thesis

• Title (english): Salivary gland tumors
• Author: Filip Njavro
• Mentor: Vladimir Bedeković (mentor)
• Committee member: Livije Kalogjera (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mihael Ries (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Bedeković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Otorhinolaryngology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Oncology

Abstract

Žlijezde slinovnice u sisavaca egzokrine su žlijezde koje proizvode i izlučuju slinu kroz sustav kanala. U ljudi postoje tri para velikih žlijezda slinovnica (parotidna, submandibularna i sublingvalna) te stotine malih žlijezda slinovnica. Slinovnice dijelimo na serozne, mukozne i seromukozne (miješane). Neoplazme koje nastaju u žlijezdama slinovnicama relativno su rijetke, ali se očituju velikom raznolikošću benignih i malignih histoloških podtipova. Čine 6% svih novotvorina glave i vrata i najčešće se pojavljuju u šestom desetljeću života. Najčešće benigne novotvorine žlijezda slinovnica su pleomorfni adenom (dobroćudni tumor mikstus) te Warthinov tumor (cystadenoma lymphomatosum papillare). Od malignih tumora žlijezda slinovnica najčešći su mukoepidermoidni karcinom, adenoidcistični karcinom, acinus-cell adenokarcinom, planocelularni karcinom te zloćudni tumor mikstus. Od dijagnostičkih metoda, kompjutorizirana tomografija i magnetna rezonancija korisne su za utvrđivanje opsega velikih tumora, evaluaciju ekstraglandularnog širenja, određivanje dubine prodiranja parotidnih tumora te otkrivanje ostalih tumora iste ili kontralateralne žlijezde. Ultrazvučna pretraga može poslužiti za utvrđivanje tipa i vaskularne opskrbe tumora prije kirurškog zahvata. Općenito, novotvorine žlijezda slinovnica slabo reagiraju na kemoterapiju te je adjuvantna kemoterapija trenutno indicirana samo u palijativnom liječenju. Pažljivo planirana i izvedena kirurška ekscizija je osnovna terapija primarnih tumora žlijezda slinovnica, a kirurške tehnike variraju ovisno o sijelu tumora. Radioterapija je rijetko definitivni modalitet liječenja novotvorina žlijezda slinovnica te se samostalno koristi kod tumora koji nisu resektabilni. Mortalitet od maligniteta žlijezda slinovnica ovisi o kliničkom stadiju i patohistološkom stupnju neoplazme, a ukupno petogodišnje preživljenje je 72%.

Abstract (english)

The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts. Humans have three paired major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, sublingual) as well as hundreds of minor salivary glands. Salivary glands can be classified as serous, mucous, or seromucous (mixed). Neoplasms that arise in the salivary glands are relatively rare, yet they represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histologic subtypes. They make up 6% of all head and neck tumors and most commonly appear in the sixth decade of life. The most common benign lesions are pleomorphic adenoma (mixed tumor) and Warthin's tumor (papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum). The most common malignant salivary gland tumors are mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adeniod cystic carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, squamos cell carcinoma, and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Computed tomography (CT) scanning or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for determining the extent of large tumors, for evaluating extraglandular extensions, for determining the actual depth of parotid tumors, and for discovering other tumors in the same or the contralateral gland. Ultrasonography may be able to reveal the type and vascularity of the tumor before surgery. In general, salivary gland neoplasms respond poorly to chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy is currently indicated only for palliation. Carefully planned and executed surgical excision is the primary treatment for all primary salivary gland tumors. The principles of surgery vary with the site of origin. Radiotherapy is rarely the definitive treatment modality for salivary gland neoplasms, usually being used alone for tumors that are considered nonresectable. Mortality from malignant salivary gland neoplasms varies by stage and pathology, but the overall 5-year survival rate is 72%.

• Keywords: žlijezde slinovnice; tumori; dijagnoza; liječenje; prognoza
• Keywords (english): salivary glands; tumors; diagnosis; treatment; prognosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:310258
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-03-13 08:44:56