Retinopatija nedonoščadi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Retinopathy of prematurity
• Author: Martina Štih
• Mentor: Emilja Juretić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mirta Starčević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Emilja Juretić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Pediatrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Pediatrics

Abstract

Retinopatija nedonoščadi je razvojni poremećaj proliferacije krvnih žila mrežnice koji pogađa prijevremeno rođenu djecu u kojih dolazi do preranog prekida normalnog razvoja krvnih žila mrežnice. Prema međunarodnoj klasifikaciji retinopatije nedonoščadi, bolest se dijeli u pet stupnjeva. Najvažniji rizični čimbenici za razvoj retinopatije nedonoščadi su niska rodna masa te niska gestacijska dob, a s njima su povezani i ostali čimbenici koji utječu na razvoj bolesti, kao što su postotak kisika u udahnutom zraku, usporeno napredovanje na tjelesnoj težini i sepsa. Bolest može posljedično uzrokovati različite razine oštećenja vida, od posve blagih do najteže – sljepoće, te je kao takva danas u mnogim zemljama svijeta, pa tako i u Republici Hrvatskoj, najčešći uzrok sljepoće u dječjoj dobi. U većini slučajeva retinopatija nedonoščadi javlja se u blagom obliku koji ne zahtijeva liječenje. U malom pak postotku bolest progredira do ablacije mrežnice koja je povezana s teškim oštećenjima vida. Zbog toga je vrlo važno provoditi programe probira kako bi se bolest na vrijeme dijagnosticirala i započelo liječenje te prevenirao daljnji razvoj bolesti. Danas je u liječenju dostupno nekoliko metoda, od kojih zlatni standard predstavlja laserska fotokoagulacija, a ostale dostupne terapijske opcije su intravitrealno aplicirani lijekovi koji blokiraju vaskularni endotelni čimbenik rasta, krioterapija te kirurški zahvati koji se izvode kod nedonoščadi koja razviju stupanj 4 i 5 bolesti, odnosno djelomičnu ili totalnu ablaciju mrežnice.

Abstract (english)

Retinopathy of prematurity is a developmental, proliferative disorder of retinal blood vessels that affects preterm children in which premature disruption of normal development of blood vessels of retina occurs. According to international classification, retinopathy of prematurity develops in 5 stages. Among greatest risk factors for developing this condition we enroll low birth weight and gestational age. Supplemental oxygen therapy, slow weight gain and sepsis represent additional risks for developing this disorder. Retinopathy of prematurity can lead to various visual impairments, including blindness as the most severe stage of the disease. In many countries around the world, including Croatia, ROP is the most common cause of blindness in children. In most cases retinopathy of prematurity appears in a mild form and does not require treatment. In a small number of patients, the disease progresses to retinal detachment which is connected to severe visual impairments. This is why it is very important to diagnose the disease in time, as well as to timely start the treatment. There are several treatment methods available, among which first-line therapies include laser photocoagulation therapy and intravitreal injection of anti-
VEGF agents, while others include cryotherapy and surgical methods that are used in patients developing stage 4 and 5 of retinopathy of prematurity or in other words, partial and total retinal detachment.

• Keywords: retinopatija nedonoščadi; laserska fotokoagulacija; anti-VEGF terapija; probir nedonoščadi
• Keywords (english): retinopathy of prematurity; laser photocoagulation; anti-VEGF agents; screening of premature infants
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:297940
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-02-26 11:12:59