Promuklost u dječjoj dobi

master's thesis

• Title (english): Hoarseness in children
• Author: Dora Raguž
• Mentor: Lana Kovač Bilić (mentor)
• Committee member: Mario Bilić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mihael Ries (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lana Kovač Bilić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Othorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-07-16, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Otorhinolaryngology

Abstract

Poremećaji glasa u dječjoj dobi česta su pojava i zahtijevaju pravovremenu dijagnostiku i liječenje. Kronična promuklost najčešće je rezultat funkcionalnih poremećaja. Takvi poremećaji nastaju zbog zlouporabe, odnosno nepravilnog korištenja glasa. Češći su kod dječaka, posebice onih temperamentnih i energičnih koji pažnju pridobivaju vikanjem. Funkcionalni poremećaji liječe se primarno glasovnom i bihevioralnom terapijom te većina prolazi u vrijeme puberteta kada dolazi do anatomskih i psiholoških promjena djeteta. U slučaju perzistiranja promuklosti i utjecaja na kvalitetu života, mogući su i kirurški modaliteti liječenja. Drugi česti uzrok promuklosti kod djece je juvenilna papilomatoza grkljana koja se javlja zbog infekcije HPV virusom. Osim poremećaja u kvaliteti glasa, papilomatoza grkljana može uzrokovati i opstrukciju protoka zraka te može predstavljati po život opasno stanje. Liječenje je kirurško i većina djece će kroz život zahtijevati po nekoliko kirurških intervencija. Od ostalih uzroka bitno je imati na umu kongenitalne poremećaje kao što su epidermoidna cista glasnice, žlijeb glasnice, strija ili sluznički mostić. Dijagnoza se postavlja nakon detaljno uzete anamneze i vizualizacije grkljana. Zlatni standard u dijagnostici poremećaja glasa u dječjoj dobi je fiberendoskopija. U liječenju sudjeluje multidisciplinarni tim kojeg čine otorinolaringolog, logoped i psiholog. Cilj liječenja je zadovoljavajuća kvaliteta glasa i smanjenje štetnih utjecaja na glas učenjem vokalne higijene.

Abstract (english)

Voice disorders in children are a common phenomenon and require a timely diagnosis and treatment. Chronic hoarseness is most often the result of functional disorders. Such disorders arise due to voice misuse and abuse. They are more common in boys, especially vivacious, energetic boys that seek attention by loud yelling. Functional disorders are primarily treated with voice therapy and behavioral therapy. Most of them pass by the time of puberty because of anatomical and psychological changes in a child. If the hoarseness persists and affects the child's quality of life, surgical treatments can come into consideration. The other common cause of hoarseness in children is juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis which is caused by HPV virus. Along with voice disorders, papillomatosis can cause an air flow obstruction that can be life threatening. The treatment is surgical and most of the children will go through several surgical interventions in their lifetime. Other possible causes of hoarseness are congenital disorders such as epidermoid cyst of the vocal cords, vocal cord sulcus, striae or mucosal bridge of the vocal cords. To conclude diagnosis, it is necessary to obtain a detailed patient history and visualize the larynx. The gold standard test in voice disorder diagnosis is a flexible endoscopy. Multidisciplinary team consisting of an otolaryngologist, speech therapist and a psychologist is an essential part of treatment. The goal is a satisfactory voice quality and a reduction of harmful behaviors by practicing vocal hygiene.

• Keywords: promuklost; funkcionalni poremećaji; juvenilna papilomatoza grkljana
• Keywords (english): hoarseness; functional disorders; juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:656727
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-05-04 09:12:40