Porođaj zatkom

master's thesis

• Title (english): Breech delivery
• Author: Greta Tram
• Mentor: Gordan Zlopaša (mentor)
• Committee member: Trpimir Goluža (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Duić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Gordan Zlopaša (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-07-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Gynecology and Obstetrics

Abstract

Stav zatkom, lat. praesentatio pelvina, predstavlja prezentaciju kod koje se fetus nalazi u uzdužnom položaju, pri čemu se zadak nalazi iznad unutarnjeg cervikalnog ušća. Učestalost stava zatkom u populaciji procjenjuje se na 3-4 %. Stav zatkom može se podijeliti u jednostavan, potpun, nepotpun i stav nožicama. Uzrok nastanka stava zatkom najčešće je slučajno zauzimanje takve prezentacije, ali se u određenom postotku slučajeva može povezati s maternalnim, fetalnim ili placentarnim abnormalnostima. Dijagnoza stava zatkom temelji se na anamnezi, kliničkom i ultrazvučnom pregledu. Prije odluke o načinu porođaja preporuča se pokušati izvesti vanjski okret, kod trudnica kod kojih ne postoje kontraindikacije. Porođaj zatkom može se izvesti vaginalnim putem ili carskim rezom. Prema ACOG smjernicama, vaginalni porođaj može se izvršiti ako je on prethodno planiran te se odvija u specifičnim bolničkim uvjetima. Ako vaginalni porođaj ne uspijeva spontano, pristupa se izvođenju određenih manevara za porođaj nožica, ručica i glavice. Carskim rezom dovršava se oko 90 % slučajeva porođaja zatkom. Novorođenčad rođena u stavu zatkom ima povećan morbiditet i mortalitet, ali se uzrokom ne smatra izravno stav zatkom, već stanja povezana s njegovim nastankom kao što su fetalne anomalije, fetalni zastoj rasta i prijevremeni porođaj.

Abstract (english)

Breech presentation, lat. praesentatio pelvina, represents a presentation in which the fetus is in a longitudinal position, with the breech above the internal cervical opening. The frequency of breech presentation in the population is estimated at 3-4 %. The breech presentation can be devided into frank, complete, incomplete and foot breech. Breech presentation happens in most cases accidentaly, but in a certain percentage of cases it can be associated with maternal, fetal or placental abnormalities. The diagnosis of breech presentation is based on anamnesis, clinical and ultrasound examination. Before deciding on the method of delivery, it is recommended to try external cephalic version in pregnant women with no contraindications. Breech delivery can be performed vaginally or by caesarean section. According to ACOG guidelines, vaginal birth can be performed if it is planned in advance and takes place in a hospital environment. If the vaginal birth does not succeed spontaneously, certain maneuvers are performed for the delivery of the legs, arms and head. Caesarean section is used in 90% of breech deliveries. Newborns born in the breech presentation have increased morbidity and mortality, but the cause is not directly considered to be breech presentation, but conditions related to its occurrence, such as fetal anomalies, fetal growth restrictions and premature delivery.

• Keywords: stav zatkom; porođaj zatkom; vanjski okret
• Keywords (english): breech presentation; breech delivery; external cephalic version
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:098571
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-06-30 19:30:18