Emerging and neglected zoonoses in transplant population

Scientific paper - Review paper

• Author: Anna Mrzljak
• Author: Rafaela Novak
• Author: Nenad Pandak
• Author: Irena Tabain
• Author: Lucija Franušić
• Author: Ljubo Barbić
• Author: Maja Bogdanić
• Author: Vladimir Savić
• Author: Danko Mikulić
• Author: Jadranka Pavičić-Šarić
• Author: Vladimir Stevanović
• Author: Tatjana Vilibić-Čavlek
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine)
• Author's institution: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology)
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Internal Medicine
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Medical Microbiology

Abstract (english)

Zoonoses represent a problem of rising importance in the transplant population. A close relationship and changes between human, animal and environmental health ("One Health" concept) significantly influence the transmission and distribution of zoonotic diseases. The aim of this manuscript is to perform a narrative review of the published literature on emerging and neglected zoonoses in the transplant population. Many reports on donor-derived or naturally acquired (re-)emerging arboviral infections such as dengue, chikungunya, West Nile, tick-borne encephalitis and Zika virus infection have demonstrated atypical or more complicated clinical course in immunocompromised hosts. Hepatitis E virus has emerged as a serious problem after solid organ transplantation (SOT), leading to diverse extrahepatic manifestations and chronic hepatitis with unfavorable outcomes. Some neglected pathogens such as lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus can cause severe infection with multi-organ failure and high mortality. In addition, ehrlichiosis may be more severe with higher case-fatality rates in SOT recipients. Some unusual or severe presentations of borreliosis, anaplasmosis and rickettsioses were also reported among transplant patients. Moreover, toxoplasmosis as infectious complication is a well-recognized zoonosis in this population. Although rabies transmission through SOT transplantation has rarely been reported, it has become a notable problem in some countries. Since the spreading trends of zoonoses are likely to continue, the awareness, recognition and treatment of zoonotic infections among transplant professionals should be imperative.

• Keywords (english): Bacteria; Non-vector borne diseases; Parasites; Solid-organ transplant; Vector-borne diseases; Viruses; Zoonoses
• Language: english
• Publication type: Scientific paper - Review paper
• Publication status: Published
• Peer review: Peer review
• Publication version: Published version
• Journal title: World Journal of Transplantation
• Numbering: vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 47-63
• p-ISSN: 2220-3230
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.5500/wjt.v10.i3.47
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:047362
• Publication: 2020-03-31
• Document URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3230/full/v10/i3/47.htm
• Type of resource: Text
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-04-16 09:28:45