Imunoterapija u liječenju bolesnika s karcinomom pluća i specifičnosti tretiranja nuspojava vezanih uz imunoterapiju

master's thesis

• Title (english): Role of immunotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer patients and management of immunotherapy-related side effects
• Author: Amanda Barišić
• Mentor: Mateja Janković Makek (mentor)
• Committee member: Gordana Pavliša (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andrea Vukić Dugac (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mateja Janković Makek (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Internal Medicine); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-08-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences

Abstract

Karcinom pluća je vodeći uzrok smrti od malignih bolesti u svijetu. Najvažniji rizični faktor povezan s nastankom karcinoma pluća jest pušenje te su prevencija započimanja kao i poticanje mjera za prestanak pušenja ključne za smanjivanje incidencije. U Hrvatskoj je karcinom pluća najčešći karcinom u muškaraca i treći najčešći u žena i svake godine oboli oko tri tisuće osoba. Karcinom pluća se u gotovo dvije trećine bolesnika otkrije u uznapredovalom stadiju kad izlječenje više nije moguće, a preživljenje bolesnika ovisi o histološkom tipu, stadiju bolesti, molekularnom profilu i modalitetu liječenja. U posljednjih desetak godina došlo je do preokreta u načinu pristupanja bolesnicima s karcinomom pluća, osobito onima s karcinomom pluća ne-malih stanica (NSCLC). Razvojem molekularne onkologije, prvo je značajan pomak donijela tzv. „ciljana“ terapija da bi u zadnjih nekoliko godina razvoj imunoterapije u potpunosti izmijenio koncept ali i učinkovitost liječenja ovih bolesnika. Imunoterapija koristi vlastiti imunološki sustav bolesnika za borbu s bolesti te se pokazala učinkovitijom od kemoterapije. Nuspojave tijekom liječenja imunoterapijom rjeđe su od nuspojava povezanih s kemoterapijom i ponajprije su uzrokovane aktivacijom imunološkog sustava s razvojem auto-antitijela i „napadanjem“ vlastitih organskih sustava. Liječenje ovisi o stupnju težine nuspojave i zahvaćenom organskom sustavu i najčešće podrazumjeva odgodu ili prestanak primjene imunoterapije. Sestra /medicinski tehničar ima značajnu ulogu u prepoznavanju i zbrinjavanju nuspojava uzrokovanih imunoterapijom.

Abstract (english)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death to malignant diseases in the world. Smoking is the single most important risk factor associated with lung cancer and prevention and cessation of smoking are the most important measures in reducing the incidence of the disease. Every year in Croatia, about three thousand people get lung cancer making it the most common cancer type in men and third most common in women. In almost two thirds of patients, lung cancer is detected at an advanced stage when cure is no longer possible and the survival of depends on the stage of the disease, histology type, molecular profile and the modality of the treatment. In the last decade, there were several major breakthroughs in the treatment of the advanced lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Targeted therapy was the first to offer a new concept and prolonged survival, while immunotherapy completely changed the concept of treatment in the last few years. Immunotherapy uses patients own immune system to fight the cancer and is already proven to be more efficient than chemotherapy. Side-effects of immunotherapy are less common and completely different to the side effects of chemotherapy. They are mostly caused by the over activation of immune system with the development of autoantibodies and the attack on own organ systems. The treatment depends on the severity of the side effect and the organ system affected and may include postponement or even cessation of immunotherapy. Nurses have significant role in recognizing and managing side effects caused by immunotherapy.

• Keywords: karcinom pluća ne-malih stanica (NSCLC); imunoterapija; nuspojave
• Keywords (english): non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); immunotherapy; side effects.
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:772842
• Study programme: Title: Studies in Nursing; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-05-10 11:02:27