Kompjuterizirano tomografski prikaz degenerativnih bolesti lumbalne kralježnice

master's thesis

• Title (english): CT imaging of degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine
• Author: Ana Ristov
• Mentor: Goran Pavliša (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Radoš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Milan Radoš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Goran Pavliša (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; (Department of Radiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-11, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Radiology
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Clinical Medical Sciences; Neurology

Abstract

Kompjuterizirana tomografija (CT) je slikovna tehnika koji koristi x-zrake, tip ionizirajućeg zračenja, za prikaz unutarnje anatomije pacijenata. Temelji se na činjenici da različita tkiva različito atenuiraju x-zrake. Izvor zračenja putuje oko pacijenta uz detektor koji skuplja informacije o količini zračenja koja je prošla kroz pacijenta. Te podatke zatim obrađuje računalo i generira 2D i 3D snimke.
Degenerativna bolest lumbalne kralježnice postala je svjetski zdravstveni problem. Bol u donjem dijelu leđa drugi je najčešći razlog bolovanja u razvijenim zemljama. Glavna je svrha ovog rada predstaviti CT kao jedan od najkorisnijih dijagnostičkih alata u slučajevima degenerativne bolesti lumbalne kralježnice. Osim CT-a, u sličnu svrhu se koristi i magnetska rezonancija (MR), no važno je napomenuti da su indikacije često različite za te dvije pretrage. Budući da CT koristi ionizirajuće zračenje, potencijalno je štetan za pacijenta. Stoga neki specijalisti učine MR iz opreza. Tada često MR bude nedovoljno informativan te se svejedno mora napraviti i CT. MR je skuplji od CT-a pa neki liječnici prvo upućuju na CT, no ako je pacijentovo stanje zahtijevalo MR, CT je nepotreban. Na koncu, ne samo da pacijent mora napraviti MR, već je i nepotrebno bio izložen zračenju. Cilj ovog rada je i definirati mogućnosti i indikacije za CT lumbalne kralježnice.

Abstract (english)

The computed tomography (CT) is an imaging technique that utilizes x-rays, a type of ionizing radiation, to visualize the internal anatomy of patients. It is based on the principle that different tissues attenuate x-rays with varying intensity. The source of radiation travels around the patient together with the detector that collects data on the amount of radiation that passed thorough the patient’s body. The gathered data is then processed by a computer and converted into 2D and 3D images. Degenerative disease of the lumbar spine has become a global health issue. Lower back pain is the second most common reason for the sick leave in the developed countries. The main purpose of this thesis is to present the CT as one of the most useful diagnostic tools in the cases of lumbar degenerative disease. Besides CT, magnetic resonance (MRI) is also used for a similar purpose, but it is important to note that the indications are often different for the two procedures. As CT uses ionizing radiation, it is potentially harmful for the patient. Therefore, some specialists prescribe an MRI out of caution. Oftentimes in those situations the MRI will be inconclusive and a CT will have to be performed anyways. MRIs are more expensive than CTs so some doctors will rather do a CT first, but if the patient’s condition demanded an MRI, the CT will be unnecessary. In the end, not only will the patient have to have an MRI, but he will also have been needlessly exposed to x-rays. Therefore, another aim of this thesis is to define possibilities and indications for lumbar spine CT.

• Keywords: CT; degenerativna bolest; lumbalna kralježnica
• Keywords (english): CT; degenerative disease; lumbar spine
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:950663
• Study programme: Title: Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica medicine (doktor/doktorica medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-05-04 12:18:40