Razvojna reorganizacija amigdaloidne jezgre u čovjeka

doctoral thesis

• Title (english): Developmental reorganization of the human amygdaloid nucleus
• Author: Damir Mulc
• Mentor: Mario Vukšić (mentor)
• Committee member: Milan Radoš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željka Krsnik (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivica Kostović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; School of Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Basic Medical Sciences; Neuroscience
• Universal decimal classification (UDC): 61 - Medical sciences

Abstract

Amigdala su heterogena struktura koja nastaje od ventralnog i lateralnog dijela pallium-a te ganglijskih brežuljaka subpallium-a. U embrionalnom razdoblju istovremeno nastaje više skupina jezgara, koje se oblikuju složenom migracijom različitih tipova stanica iz više izvora. Smatra se da pallium stvara uglavnom projekcijske neurone, dok su interneuroni podrijetlom iz subpallium-a. Amigdala su do kraja embrionalnog razdoblja povezana s glavnim strukturama limbičkog sustava i uspostavljaju rane veze s monoaminskim jezgrama moždanog debla. U ranom fetalnom razdoblju intenzivno se odvijaju procesi migracije stanica, a pojedinačne jezgre amigdala se tada još ne mogu razlikovati. Rano u srednjem fetalnom razdoblju dolazi do razvoja citoarhitektonskog ustrojstva amigdala koje je specifično za čovjeka. U ovome radu se postavljena je hipoteza da septe predstavljaju zaostale snopove radijalne glije kojima migriraju neuroni iz proliferativnih zona lateralnog ventrikla i kaudalnog ganglijskog brežuljka u bazolateralnu grupu jezgara. Pretpostavlja se i da je urastanje i izrastanje aksonalnih vlakana primarno dorzalno i to kroz internuklearne lamine, a ventralno putem navedenih vlakna ranijalne glije. Nadalje, sinaptogeneza započinje u ranom srednjem fetalnom razdoblju u kortikomedijalnoj grupi jezgara i centralnoj jezgri, a potom se u kasnijem fetalnom razdoblju imunohistokemijska reaktivnost na sinaptičke biljege raspoznaje u cijelim amigdalama. U kasnijem fetalnom razdoblju je vidljiv i migratorni put iz proliferativnog epitela prema entorinalnom korteksu, koji je prisutan do terminskog razdoblja, a potencijalno je uključen u produljena neurogenetska zbivanja. U terminskom razdoblju je izražen proces mijelinizacije, koji predstavlja osnovu za napredniju funkcionalnu maturaciju amigdala u postnatalnom razvoju.

Abstract (english)

The amygdala is a heterogeneous structure that arises from the ventral and lateral parts of the pallium and the ganglionic eminences of the subpallium. During the embryonic period, several distinct groups of nuclei form simultaneously, resulting from a complex migration of different cell types from different sources. It is generally assumed that the pallium mainly produces projection neurons, while interneurons originate from the subpallium. Towards the end of the embryonic period, the amygdala is connected to the most important structures of the limbic system and establishes the first connections to the monoamine nuclei of the brain stem. In the early fetal period, the processes of cell migration dominate and the individual nuclei of the amygdala cannot be differentiated. In the middle fetal period, a cytoarchitectonic organization specific to humans develops. In this article it is hypothesized that the septa represent bundles of radial glia through which cells migrate from the germinal zone to the basolateral group of nuclei. We also assume that the ingrowth and outgrowth of axonal fibers occurs mainly dorsally through the internuclear laminae and ventrally through the septa. Synaptogenesis begins in the early midfetal period in the central and corticomedial group of nuclei, and in the late fetal period positivity for synaptic markers is found throughout the amygdala. In the late fetal period, a migration pathway from the proliferative epithelium to the entorhinal cortex is also evident, which persists until birth and is probably involved in protracted neurogenic events. The term period expresses the advanced process of myelination, thus forming the base for more advanced functional maturation in postnatal amygdala development.

• Keywords: Entorinalni korteks; Ependimoglijalne stanice; Ganglijska eminencija; Amigdala; Neuroni; Interneuroni; Kretanje stanica; Moždano deblo; Epitel
• Keywords (english): Entorhinal Cortex; Ependymoglial Cells; Ganglionic Eminence; Amygdala; Neurons; Interneurons; Cell Movement; Brain Stem; Epithelium
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:836078
• Project: Number: IP-2013-11-7379; Title: Histološka, MRI i analiza genske ekspresije reorganizacijskih procesa u medijalnom (limbičkom) zidu ljudskog mozga tijekom razvitka; Title: Histological, MRI and gene expression analysis of the reorganizational processes in the medial (limbic) wall of developing human cerebrum; Acronym: MEDCEREB; Leader: Mario Vukšić; Jurisdiction: Croatia; Funder: HRZZ; Funding stream: IP
• Study programme: Title: Neuroscience; Study programme type: university; Study level: postgraduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biomedicine i zdravstvo (doktor/doktorica znanosti, područje biomedicine i zdravstvo)
• Type of resource: Text
• Extent: 150 str.
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-03-07 08:35:48