Prevalence of somatic comorbidities among coronavirus disease 2019 patients in Croatia in the first pandemic wave: data from national public health databases

Znanstveni rad - Izvorni znanstveni rad

• Autor: Krunoslav Capak
• Autor: Ivana Brkić-Biloš
• Autor: Verica Kralj
• Autor: Tamara Poljičanin
• Autor: Mario Šekerija
• Autor: Pero Ivanko
• Autor: Željka Draušnik
• Autor: Sandra Mihel
• Autor: Danijela Fuštin
• Autor: Ivan Cerovečki
• Autor: Marija Švajda
• Autor: Jelena Dimnjaković
• Autor: Gordan Sarajlić
• Autor: Tomislav Benjak
• Autorova ustanova: Sveučilište u Zagrebu; Medicinski fakultet; (KATEDRA ZA MEDICINSKU STATISTIKU, EPIDEMIOLOGIJU I MEDICINSKU INFORMATIKU)
• Znanstveno / umjetničko područje, polje i grana: BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO; Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita; Epidemiologija

Sažetak (engleski)

Aim: To determine the prevalence of common somatic comorbidities among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients in Croatia in the first pandemic wave, and assess the differences in clinical outcomes depending on the presence of comorbidities.
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Methods: We analyzed data from patients confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2-positive from February through May 2020. The data were obtained from clinical laboratories, primary health care providers, and hospitals. Previously recorded comorbidities, including diabetes, cancer, circulatory diseases, chronic pulmonary, and kidney disease, were analyzed.
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Results: Among 2249 patients, 46.0% were men (median age 51 years; median disease duration 27 days). Hospitalization was required for 41.8% patients, mechanical ventilation for 2.5%, while 4.7% of all patients died. Patients who died were significantly older (median 82 vs 50 years, P<0.001) with a higher prevalence of all investigated comorbidities (all p's <0.001), more frequently required mechanical ventilation (34% vs 1%, P<0.001), and had shorter length of hospital stay (median 13 vs 27 days, P<0.001) with no sex preponderance. Patients requiring mechanical ventilation were significantly older (median age 70 vs 51 years, P<0.001), more frequently men (59.6% vs 45.7%, P=0.037), showed a higher prevalence of all comorbidities except ischemic heart and chronic kidney disease (all p's <0.001), and demonstrated a higher case-fatality rate (63.2% vs 3.2%, P<0.001).
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Conclusion: COVID-19 patients who died in the first pandemic wave in Croatia were more likely to suffer previous somatic comorbidities. This corroborates the findings of similar studies and calls for further research into the underlying disease mechanisms, hence providing ground for more efficient preventive measures.

• Ključne riječi (engleski): Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; COVID-19 / complications; COVID-19 / epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases / complications; Comorbidity; Croatia / epidemiology; Databases, Factual; Diabetes Complications; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Kidney Diseases / complications; Lung Diseases / complications; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms / complications; Pandemics; Prevalence; Public Health; Respiration, Artificial; Risk Factors
• Jezik: engleski
• Vrsta publikacije: Znanstveni rad - Izvorni znanstveni rad
• Status objave: Objavljen
• Vrsta recenzije: Recenziran
• Verzija publikacije: Objavljena verzija rada (izdavačev PDF)
• Naslov časopisa: Croatian Medical Journal
• Brojčani podaci: vol. 61, br. 6, str. 518-524
• p-ISSN: 0353-9504
• e-ISSN: 1332-8166
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3325/cmj.2020.61.518
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:105:767456
• Datum objave publikacije: 2020-12-31
• URL dokumenta: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7821369/
• Vrsta resursa: Tekst
• Prava pristupa: Otvoreni pristup
• Datum i vrijeme pohrane: 2021-02-25 08:46:00