| Sažetak | Znanstvena i liječnička zajednica diljem svijeta ulaže napore da pridonese smanjenju trenda rastućeg problema neplodnosti. Do sada su revoluciju u ovome području donijele nove tehnologije medicinski pomognute oplodnje koje neplodnim parovima daju nadu, a često i riješenje. Ove metode imaju svoja ograničenja te se traže dodatni načini kako povećati njihovu uspješnost te povećati plodnost u populaciji neplodnih parova. Jedan od potencijalnih načina kako pospješiti rezultate liječenja neplodnosti jest upotreba dodataka prehrani. U ovome radu pretragom više baza podataka rezimirani su dokazi o u utjecaju dodataka prehrani na ishod liječenja neplodnosti. Dodatci prehrani koji su obrađeni jesu antioksidansi (karnitin, vitamin E, vitamin C, pentoksifilin,,karotenoidi i melatonin), vitamini (folna kiselina, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, inozitol, vitamin D), L-arginin, omega 3 masne kiseline, metali i elementi u tragovima (cink i selen) te miješani dodatci prehrani i multivitaminski pripravci. Za sve navedene postoje dokazi o njihovoj učinkovitosti, no oni nisu uvijek sasvim jasni i jednoznačni. Glavne zamjerke studijama analiziranim u ovome radu jesu slaba statistička snaga i heterogenost, što otežava donošenje jasnog i uniformnog zaključka. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja, po mogućnosti usmjerena na pojedini dodatak prehrani i pojedine skupine pacijenata, kako bi se mogle oblikovati kliničke preporuke. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Because of the severity of the growing problem of infertility, scientific communities around the world are putting in effort to solve this problem. So far the biggest revolution in the area have been new assisted reproductive technologies, which give infertile couples hope and, often, solutions. Nonetheless, because of the limitations of ART, there is a demand to increase success rate, and to increase fertility in general. One of the possible approaches to increasing success of infertility treatment is the use of nutrients and food supplements. In this paper literature search was conducted to review publications from several data bases to summarize evidence of effectiveness and safety of nutritients and food supplements on the outcome of infertility treatment. Nutrients and food supplements that are reviewed in this paper are antioxidants (carnitine, vitamin E, vitamin C, pentoxifylline, carotenoids,melatonin), vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, inositol, vitamin D), L-arginine, omega 3 fatty acids, metals and trace elements (zinc and selenium) and mixed supplements and multivitamins. There is evidence of effectiveness of each supplement, but it is not always clear and uniform. The main shortcoming of the papers reviewed, is low power and heterogeneity, which makes it difficult to reach a clear and uniform conclusion. Further research is needed, if possible on single supplement and uniform patient group in order to form future clinical practice recommendations. |
